Lunar的oracle实验室 - 世间所有相遇都是久别重逢

针对最近黑客攻击数据库的解决方案和预防建议

发表于 2016 年 11 月 16 日由 Lunar

最近有部分黑客采用各种手段对数据库进行sql注入或者直接加密等损坏方式攻击客户的数据库。
需要说明的是这里并非黑客用多么高深的手段或者技能攻破Oracle数据库或者由于Oracle Bug引起的，Oracle被无辜躺枪
相反，这类攻击完全是使用盗版客户端工具或者客户网络（或者主机）安全有漏洞，入侵主机或者直接使用盗版客户端（部分网上下载的非官方工具已经是被黑客篡改过的）对数据库登录时进行SQL注入的方法。
.
常见的攻击手法和案例：
.
攻击手法 1 ：黑客攻入客户网络，进入客户主机，在操作系统上直接对数据库文件进行“加密”
现象：

.
攻击手法 2 ：也有可能是使用非官方的网上下载的被污染的工具连接数据库，然后“被执行”了类似下面的在数据库中执行恶意代码而注入损坏数据sql语句
（例如，注入一些存储过程，trigger或者其他DDL,DML等等）
现象：
在数据库的日志中，可能获得的信息如下：

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-20315: 你的数据库已被SQL RUSH Team锁死发送5个比特币到这个地址 166xk1FXMB2g8JxBVF5T4Aw1Z5aZ6vSE (大小写一致)
之后把你的Oracle SID邮寄地址 sqlrush@mail.com 我们将让你知道如何解锁你的数据库

.

Hi buddy, your database was hacked by SQL RUSH Team, send 5 bitcoin to address 166xk1FXMB2g8JxBVF5T4Aw1Z5aZ6vSE (case sensitive),
after that send your Oracle SID to mail address sqlrush@mail.com, we will let you know how to unlock your database.
ORA-06512: at “XXX.DBMS_CORE_INTERNAL “, line 27
ORA-06512: at line 2

.
此类攻击的效果有1200天的潜伏期：
黑客代码中有类似下面的判断条件：IF (DATE1>=1200) THEN
因此，建议客户检查数据库的异常对象，如果发现异常对象，建议直接删除相关对象
.
对于上述攻击，我们的客户遇到的解决方法大致如下：
第一：被攻击的数据库用户中没有重要的业务对象时
1.这段代码的运行都是通过job来操作的，高版本默认的job_queue_processes已经是1000了，所以当时通过操作系统看到后台有700多个job进程在跑这段代码。
通过把job_queue_processes设置为0，重启实例它这段脚本就跑不起来了。只有没有跑这段代码，存储过程等对象才能删除。
2.从操作系统登录到数据库（sys用户），找出非法的存储过程，job定义，触发器，把它们都drop就可以，
当时由于这个客户在受攻击的数据库用户下面没有业务对象，把这个用户drop，重建就可以了。
上述的整个处理过程没有数据丢失，之所以耗时这么长是因为客户担心丢失先做一次备份。
.
第二：当被攻击的数据库用户中有重要业务对象时：
1. 如果是对文件加密，根据具体客户情况，可以考虑比对正常文件（没有被攻击的数据库的文件）和有问题文件比对，找到端倪后，拼接等等思路
2. 根据实际情况，如果上面的“1.”不可行，那么考虑停止黑客的异常job，过程，触发器等等（可以采用倒推等方式或者直接查询DBA_OBJECTS 中的LAST_DDL时间），
根据实际情况，如果有必要的话，还可以根据报错时间点进行logminer来进行检查和确认损坏过程，
并找到黑客备份的系统表，进行还原（请在Oracle Support或者专业DBA指导下完成）。
3. 如果上述的“1.”和“2.”都不可行，那么可以考虑使用各种可以进行逻辑挖掘的工具挖出数据。
.
当然根据不同的黑客入侵方式，可能还有其他解决方法，这里要重点讨论的是我们如何防患于未然：
1，请使用正版工具或者使用Oracle官方推荐的免费SQL客户端工具：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/sql-developer/downloads/index.html
上面地址是官网正版下载地址，功能非常强大，完美支持12c和以前的数据库版本，并且免费。
.
2，如果发现类似问题，尽量保护现场，并根据报错信息的时间点，追查原因
.
3，重要数据库一定要备份，如果配置了ADG，备库建议开闪回，如此，很多问题处理上就简单多了。
.
4，对于数据库用户的dba等高级权限应该有效管理
.
5.请注意，有些黑客会设置一个潜伏期，例如上面的例子，该攻击的效果存在1200天的潜伏期：
黑客代码中有类似下面的判断条件：IF (DATE1>=1200) THEN
因此，建议客户检查数据库的异常对象，如果发现异常对象，建议直接删除相关恶意注入的数据库对象（procedure，job，trigger等等）
.
有相关问题的朋友或者客户，请与我联系。

发表在 Database | 标签为 SQL RUSH, sql注入, 比特币 | 留下评论

CentOS7.2（RHEL 7.2）的CPU占用高（%system 占用高）

发表于 2016 年 3 月 22 日由 Lunar

开机后，发现节点1的CPU使用率很高：

[root@lunar1 ~]# sar -u 1 10
Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (lunar1.oracle.com)         03/22/2016      _x86_64_        (2 CPU)

06:16:57 PM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
06:16:58 PM     all      0.55      0.00     78.14      0.00      0.00     21.31
06:16:59 PM     all      0.00      0.00     73.91      0.00      0.00     26.09
06:17:00 PM     all      0.52      0.00     81.68      0.00      0.00     17.80
06:17:01 PM     all      0.00      0.00     82.81      0.00      0.00     17.19
06:17:02 PM     all      0.00      0.00     84.13      0.00      0.00     15.87
06:17:03 PM     all      0.55      0.00     70.72      0.00      0.00     28.73
^C

06:17:03 PM     all      0.00      0.00     57.14      0.00      0.00     42.86
Average:        all      0.26      0.00     77.88      0.00      0.00     21.86
[root@lunar1 ~]#

节点2的也比较高：

[root@lunar2 ~]# sar -u 1 10
Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (lunar2.oracle.com)         03/22/2016      _x86_64_        (2 CPU)

06:17:20 PM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
06:17:21 PM     all      0.50      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.00
06:17:22 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:17:23 PM     all     55.44      0.00      6.74      0.00      0.00     37.82
06:17:24 PM     all     59.79      0.00     11.34      0.00      0.00     28.87
06:17:25 PM     all     38.38      0.00     28.11      0.54      0.00     32.97
06:17:26 PM     all      8.67      0.00      8.67      0.00      0.00     82.65
06:17:27 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:17:28 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:17:29 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:17:30 PM     all      0.50      0.00      1.00      0.00      0.00     98.51
Average:        all     15.90      0.00      5.43      0.05      0.00     78.62
[root@lunar2 ~]#

在节点1检查哪些进程使用CPU资源较多：

Tasks: 287 total,   4 running, 283 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us, 80.8 sy,  0.0 ni, 18.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  3145636 total,  1630448 free,  1073504 used,   441684 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  4190204 total,  4190204 free,        0 used.  2000056 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                     
 3205 oracle    20   0  214120   1828   1328 R  79.1  0.1   3:40.27 /usr/bin/VBoxClient --clipboard                                                                                             
 3208 root      20   0  222392   1844   1312 R  78.7  0.1   3:40.10 /usr/bin/VBoxClient --clipboard                                                                                             
 3279 oracle    20   0  147044   1292    884 S   0.3  0.0   0:00.26 /usr/bin/VBoxClient --draganddrop                                                                                           
 3850 grid      20   0  322112   6092   4604 S   0.3  0.2   0:00.04 /usr/libexec/goa-identity-service                                                                                           
 7179 root      20   0  146308   2336   1520 R   0.3  0.1   0:00.02 top -c                                                                                                                      
    1 root      20   0  189244   4316   2380 S   0.0  0.1   0:01.54 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22                                                          
    2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [kthreadd]                                                                                                                  
    3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.15 [ksoftirqd/0]                                                                                                               
    5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [kworker/0:0H]                                                                                                              
    7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.38 [migration/0]                                                                                                               
    8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [rcu_bh]

检查果然vnc都自动开启：

[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:24 CST; 6min ago
  Process: 1420 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1832 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
           ‣ 1832 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -desktop lunar1.oracle.com:1 (root) -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -fp catalogue:/etc/...

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:2.service
● vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:24 CST; 6min ago
  Process: 1425 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :2 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1833 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:2.service
           ‣ 1833 /usr/bin/Xvnc :2 -desktop lunar1.oracle.com:2 (grid) -auth /home/grid/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /home/grid/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5902 -fp catal...

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:3.service
● vncserver@:3.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:24 CST; 6min ago
  Process: 1423 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1828 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:3.service
           ‣ 1828 /usr/bin/Xvnc :3 -desktop lunar1.oracle.com:3 (oracle) -auth /home/oracle/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /home/oracle/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5903 -fp...

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]#

停止vnc并设置开机不启动：

[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:2.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:3.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:1.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service.
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:2.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:2.service.
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:3.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:3.service.
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:20:48 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:20:49 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:2.service
● vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:20:53 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:20:53 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:3.service
● vncserver@:3.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:24 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:20:57 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:20:57 lunar1.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]#

优化效果非常明显，可以看到CPU基本空闲了，符合现在的情况（Oracle的CRS还没启动呢）：

[root@lunar1 ~]# sar -u 1 10
Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (lunar1.oracle.com)         03/22/2016      _x86_64_        (2 CPU)

06:21:47 PM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
06:21:48 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:21:49 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.50
06:21:50 PM     all      1.01      0.00      1.52      0.00      0.00     97.47
06:21:51 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:21:53 PM     all      0.50      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.00
06:21:54 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:21:55 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:21:56 PM     all      1.51      0.00      3.52      0.00      0.00     94.97
06:21:57 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:21:58 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
Average:        all      0.30      0.00      0.60      0.00      0.00     99.10
[root@lunar1 ~]#

再来看看节点2：

Tasks: 284 total,   2 running, 282 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  4.3 us,  0.7 sy,  0.0 ni, 95.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  3145636 total,  1645972 free,  1070152 used,   429512 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  4190204 total,  4190204 free,        0 used.  2003876 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                     
 3643 grid      20   0 1442740 154600  44292 S   3.3  4.9   0:06.48 /usr/bin/gnome-shell                                                                                                        
 3651 oracle    20   0 1593832 154216  44296 S   3.0  4.9   0:06.94 /usr/bin/gnome-shell                                                                                                        
 3520 root      20   0 1580060 154488  43804 S   2.7  4.9   0:06.18 /usr/bin/gnome-shell                                                                                                        
   12 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.3  0.0   0:00.30 [rcuos/0]                                                                                                                   
 1023 root      20   0 1721880 153028   9952 S   0.3  4.9   0:09.38 /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/jdk/jre/bin/java -Xms128m -Xmx512m -classpath /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/tfa/lunar2/tfa_home/jlib/RATFA+ 
 1873 oracle    20   0  222688  24820   8192 S   0.3  0.8   0:00.22 /usr/bin/Xvnc :3 -desktop lunar2.oracle.com:3 (oracle) -auth /home/oracle/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -r+ 
 3299 root      20   0  220832   1340    892 S   0.3  0.0   0:00.31 /usr/bin/VBoxClient --draganddrop                                                                                           
 7208 root      20   0  146308   2316   1512 R   0.3  0.1   0:00.11 top -c                                                                                                                      
    1 root      20   0  189236   4292   2380 S   0.0  0.1   0:01.56 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21                                                          
    2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [kthreadd]                                                                                                                  
    3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.02 [ksoftirqd/0]                                                                                                               
    5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [kworker/0:0H]                                                                                                              
    7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.67 [migration/0]                                                                                                               
    8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [rcu_bh]                                                                                                                    
    9 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [rcuob/0]                                                                                                                   
   10 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.00 [rcuob/1]                                                                                                                   
   11 root      20   0       0      0      0 R   0.0  0.0   0:00.47 [rcu_sched]

同样的方法，也停止vnc服务和vnc的开机自动启动：

[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:23 CST; 10min ago
  Process: 1470 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1872 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
           ‣ 1872 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -desktop lunar2.oracle.com:1 (root) -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -fp catalogue:/etc/...

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:2.service
● vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:23 CST; 10min ago
  Process: 1469 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :2 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1869 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:2.service
           ‣ 1869 /usr/bin/Xvnc :2 -desktop lunar2.oracle.com:2 (grid) -auth /home/grid/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /home/grid/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5902 -fp catal...

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:3.service
● vncserver@:3.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-03-22 18:12:23 CST; 10min ago
  Process: 1474 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1873 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:3.service
           ‣ 1873 /usr/bin/Xvnc :3 -desktop lunar2.oracle.com:3 (oracle) -auth /home/oracle/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /home/oracle/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5903 -fp...

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]#

停止vnc服务和进制vnc开机自动启动：

[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:1.service
systemctl stop  vncserver@:1.service
systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service.
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:23:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:23:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:2.service
systemctl stop  vncserver@:2.service
systemctl status vncserver@:2.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:2.service.
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:2.service
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:2.service
● vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:23:28 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:23:28 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]# 
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:3.service
systemctl stop  vncserver@:3.service
systemctl status vncserver@:3.service

Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:3.service.
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl stop  vncserver@:3.service
[root@lunar2 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:3.service
● vncserver@:3.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:12:23 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Mar 22 18:23:32 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Mar 22 18:23:32 lunar2.oracle.com systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar2 ~]# 
[root@lunar2 ~]#

看一下节点2的优化效果：

[root@lunar2 ~]# sar -u 1 10
Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (lunar2.oracle.com)         03/22/2016      _x86_64_        (2 CPU)

06:24:01 PM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
06:24:02 PM     all      0.51      0.00      0.51      0.00      0.00     98.99
06:24:03 PM     all      0.50      0.00      1.01      0.00      0.00     98.49
06:24:04 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.50
06:24:05 PM     all      0.44      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.56
06:24:06 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.50
06:24:07 PM     all      0.50      0.00      1.51      0.00      0.00     97.99
06:24:08 PM     all      0.50      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.00
06:24:09 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.50
06:24:10 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
06:24:11 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00    100.00
Average:        all      0.25      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.26
[root@lunar2 ~]#

发表在 Linux | 标签为 %system 占用高, CentOS7.2, CentOS7.2 CPU高, CPU占用高, RHEL 7.2 | 留下评论

Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列 – 配置第二个网络和相应的SCAN2

发表于 2016 年 2 月 24 日由 Lunar

在配置ADG或者使用oracle 的集群管理应用的HA时（比如OGG），我们可能希望使用不同的网络，以避免ADG传输日志等对主生产网络的造成影响。
从11.2开始，我们可以使用crs管理多个网络资源（缺省只有network1），但是SCAN只能在多个网络中的一个上活动（缺省是network1，后续可以指定到不同网络上）。
然后，我们通常会配置专门为ADG传输日志的network2网络，但是在配置连接串时，只能使用vip（因为SCAN通常给主生产上的network1使用）。
.
从12.1开始，我们可以配置多个网络上的多个SCAN，比如我们配置ADG时，在network2上配置SCAN2。
具体配置如下：
–检查网卡接口对应的IP地址：

[root@rac1 ~]# ifconfig | egrep 'eth0' -A 1 | grep 'inet ' | cut -d : -f2 | cut -d ' ' -f1
192.168.56.61
192.168.56.63
[root@rac1 ~]# ifconfig | egrep 'eth2' -A 1 | grep 'inet ' | cut -d : -f2 | cut -d ' ' -f1
192.168.209.61
[root@rac1 ~]# 

[root@rac2 ~]# ifconfig | egrep 'eth0' -A 1 | grep 'inet ' | cut -d : -f2 | cut -d ' ' -f1
192.168.56.62
192.168.56.64
192.168.56.65
[root@rac2 ~]# ifconfig | egrep 'eth2' -A 1 | grep 'inet ' | cut -d : -f2 | cut -d ' ' -f1
192.168.209.62
[root@rac2 ~]#

–添加新的public网络

[grid@rac1 ~]$ oifcfg getif
eth0  192.168.56.0  global  public
eth1  192.168.60.0  global  cluster_interconnect
[grid@rac1 ~]$ 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ oifcfg setif -global eth2/192.168.209.0:public
[grid@rac1 ~]$ oifcfg getif
eth0  192.168.56.0  global  public
eth1  192.168.60.0  global  cluster_interconnect
eth2  192.168.209.0  global  public
[grid@rac1 ~]$

–检查网络定义，缺省只有一个网络定义：network1

[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl config network
Network 1 exists
Subnet IPv4: 192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0/eth0, static
Subnet IPv6: 
Ping Targets: 
Network is enabled
Network is individually enabled on nodes: 
Network is individually disabled on nodes: 
[grid@rac1 ~]$

–添加新的网络集群资源（a new network cluster resource）

[root@rac1 ~]# ipcalc -bnm 192.168.209.61 255.255.255.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
BROADCAST=192.168.209.255
NETWORK=192.168.209.0
[root@rac1 ~]# 
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl add network -netnum 2 -subnet 192.168.209.0/255.255.255.0/eth2
[root@rac1 ~]# 
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl config network
Network 1 exists
Subnet IPv4: 192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0/eth0, static
Subnet IPv6: 
Ping Targets: 
Network is enabled
Network is individually enabled on nodes: 
Network is individually disabled on nodes: 
Network 2 exists
Subnet IPv4: 192.168.209.0/255.255.255.0/eth2, static
Subnet IPv6: 
Ping Targets: 
Network is enabled
Network is individually enabled on nodes: 
Network is individually disabled on nodes: 
[root@rac1 ~]#

这时集群的网络资源中已经配置了两个网络（包括新增加的网络），如果使用“crsctl status res -t”查看，可以看到：

[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 network
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.net2.network
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac2                     STABLE
[root@rac1 ~]#

–添加vip

[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl add vip -node rac1 -netnum 2 -address rac1-adg-vip/255.255.255.0/eth2
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl add vip -node rac2 -netnum 2 -address rac2-adg-vip/255.255.255.0/eth2
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl config vip -n rac1
VIP exists: network number 1, hosting node rac1
VIP Name: rac1-vip
VIP IPv4 Address: 192.168.56.63
VIP IPv6 Address: 
VIP is enabled.
VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
VIP exists: network number 2, hosting node rac1
VIP Name: rac1-adg-vip
VIP IPv4 Address: 192.168.209.63
VIP IPv6 Address: 
VIP is enabled.
VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl config vip -n rac2
VIP exists: network number 1, hosting node rac2
VIP Name: rac2-vip
VIP IPv4 Address: 192.168.56.64
VIP IPv6 Address: 
VIP is enabled.
VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
VIP exists: network number 2, hosting node rac2
VIP Name: rac2-adg-vip
VIP IPv4 Address: 192.168.209.64
VIP IPv6 Address: 
VIP is enabled.
VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 network
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.net2.network
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 vip
ora.rac1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
ora.rac1_2.vip
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.rac2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.rac2_2.vip
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@rac1 ~]#

–启动vip，查看vip资源

[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start vip -vip rac1-adg-vip
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start vip -vip rac2-adg-vip
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status vip -n rac1
VIP rac1-vip is enabled
VIP rac1-vip is running on node: rac1
VIP rac1-adg-vip is enabled
VIP rac1-adg-vip is running on node: rac1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status vip -n rac2
VIP rac2-vip is enabled
VIP rac2-vip is running on node: rac2
VIP rac2-adg-vip is enabled
VIP rac2-adg-vip is running on node: rac2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 network
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.net2.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 vip
ora.rac1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
ora.rac1_2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
ora.rac2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.rac2_2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[grid@rac1 ~]$

–检查新创建的vip是否运行了：

[grid@rac1 ~]$ /sbin/ifconfig eth2:1
eth2:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:17:79:3C  
          inet addr:192.168.209.63  Bcast:192.168.209.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

[grid@rac1 ~]$ 
[root@rac2 ~]# /sbin/ifconfig eth2:1
eth2:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:74:C7:94  
          inet addr:192.168.209.64  Bcast:192.168.209.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

[root@rac2 ~]#

–添加网络2上的监听：

[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add listener -listener LISTENER_ADG -netnum 2 -endpoints "TCP:1522"
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 LISTENER
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_ADG.lsnr
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac2                     STABLE
--
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[grid@rac1 ~]$

在network2上配置SCAN:

[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl add scan -scanname racadg-scan -netnum 2
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl config scan -netnum 2
SCAN name: racadg-scan, Network: 2
Subnet IPv4: 192.168.209.0/255.255.255.0/eth2, static
Subnet IPv6: 
SCAN 0 IPv4 VIP: 192.168.209.65
SCAN VIP is enabled.
SCAN VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
SCAN VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl status scan -netnum 2
SCAN VIP scan1_net2 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1_net2 is not running
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 LISTENER
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_ADG.lsnr
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac2                     STABLE
--
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 1 SCAN
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
[root@rac1 ~]#

–启动network2上的监听

[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start listener -listener LISTENER_ADG
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status listener -listener LISTENER_ADG
Listener LISTENER_ADG is enabled
Listener LISTENER_ADG is running on node(s): rac1,rac2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status listener -listener LISTENER
Listener LISTENER is enabled
Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): rac1,rac2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 LISTENER
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_ADG.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
--
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 SCAN
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[grid@rac1 ~]$

–在network2上启动SCAN

[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl start scan -netnum 2
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl config scan -netnum 2
SCAN name: racadg-scan, Network: 2
Subnet IPv4: 192.168.209.0/255.255.255.0/eth2, static
Subnet IPv6: 
SCAN 0 IPv4 VIP: 192.168.209.65
SCAN VIP is enabled.
SCAN VIP is individually enabled on nodes: 
SCAN VIP is individually disabled on nodes: 
[root@rac1 ~]# srvctl status scan -netnum 2
SCAN VIP scan1_net2 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1_net2 is running on node rac1
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 LISTENER
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_ADG.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
--
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 SCAN
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[root@rac1 ~]#

–在network2上添加SCAN LISTENER

[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add scan_listener -netnum 2 -listener racadg-scanlsnr -endpoints "TCP:1522"
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start scan_listener -netnum 2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status scan_listener -netnum 2
SCAN Listener RACADG-SCANLSNR_SCAN1_NET2 is enabled
SCAN listener RACADG-SCANLSNR_SCAN1_NET2 is running on node rac1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl config scan_listener -netnum 2
SCAN Listener RACADG-SCANLSNR_SCAN1_NET2 exists. Port: TCP:1522
Registration invited nodes: 
Registration invited subnets: 
SCAN Listener is enabled.
SCAN Listener is individually enabled on nodes: 
SCAN Listener is individually disabled on nodes: 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 LISTENER
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_ADG.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
--
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t |grep -A 2 SCAN
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
--
ora.RACADG-SCANLSNR_SCAN1_NET2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     STABLE
ora.cvu
[grid@rac1 ~]$

–检查监听状态

[grid@rac1 ~]$ netstat -an |grep 1521|grep LISTEN
tcp        0      0 169.254.242.79:1521         0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 192.168.60.61:1521          0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      -----rac1-priv
tcp        0      0 192.168.56.63:1521          0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      -----rac1-vip
tcp        0      0 192.168.56.61:1521          0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      -----rac1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ netstat -an |grep 1522|grep LISTEN
tcp        0      0 192.168.209.65:1522         0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      -----rac-scan
tcp        0      0 192.168.209.63:1522         0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      -----rac1-adg-vip
[grid@rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 16-FEB-2016 21:41:54

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                16-FEB-2016 17:59:39
Uptime                    0 days 3 hr. 42 min. 14 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.56.61)(PORT=1521)))      -----rac1
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.56.63)(PORT=1521)))      -----rac1-vip
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=rac1)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1/admin/lunar/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "lunar" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "lunar1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "lunarXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "lunar1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[grid@rac1 ~]$ 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER_ADG

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 16-FEB-2016 21:41:59

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_ADG)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_ADG
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                16-FEB-2016 21:13:48
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 28 min. 11 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac1/listener_adg/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_ADG)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.209.63)(PORT=1522)))     
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[grid@rac1 ~]$

配置ORACLE数据库实例支持多个网络：

LUNARRAC1_LOCAL_NET1 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip)(PORT = 1521)))
LUNARRAC1_LOCAL_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-adg-vip)(PORT = 1522)))

LUNARRAC2_LOCAL_NET1 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip)(PORT = 1521)))
LUNARRAC2_LOCAL_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-adg-vip)(PORT = 1522)))

LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET1 =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac-scan)(PORT = 1521))))
LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = racadg-scan)(PORT = 1522))))
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ ss

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Thu Feb 18 21:58:50 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lunar1>
SYS@lunar1>alter system set listener_networks='((NAME=network1)(LOCAL_LISTENER=LUNARRAC1_LOCAL_NET1)(REMOTE_LISTENER=LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET1))','((NAME=network2)(LOCAL_LISTENER=LUNARRAC1_LOCAL_NET2)(REMOTE_LISTENER=LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET2))' sid='lunar1';

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.36
SYS@lunar1>alter system set listener_networks='((NAME=network1)(LOCAL_LISTENER=LUNARRAC2_LOCAL_NET1)(REMOTE_LISTENER=LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET1))','((NAME=network2)(LOCAL_LISTENER=LUNARRAC2_LOCAL_NET2)(REMOTE_LISTENER=LUNARRAC_REMOTE_NET2))' sid='lunar2';

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.19
SYS@lunar1>alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1-vip)(PORT=1521))))' sid='lunar1';

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
SYS@lunar1>alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac2-vip)(PORT=1521))))' sid='lunar2';

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.80
SYS@lunar1>

配置客户端连接串
—检查数据库是否可以登录：

[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ ss

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Fri Feb 19 08:57:30 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lunar1>conn sys/oracle@//lunarrac-scan:1521/lunar as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@//lunarrac-scan:1521/lunar>conn sys/oracle@//lunaradg-scan:1522/lunar as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@//lunaradg-scan:1522/lunar>conn system/oracle@//lunarrac-scan:1521/lunar
Connected.
SYSTEM@//lunarrac-scan:1521/lunar>conn system/oracle@//lunaradg-scan:1522/lunar
Connected.
SYSTEM@//lunaradg-scan:1522/lunar>conn sys/oracle@lunarrac.vip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@lunarrac.vip>conn sys/oracle@lunarrac.scanip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@lunarrac.scanip>conn sys/oracle@lunaradg.vip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@lunaradg.vip>conn sys/oracle@lunaradg.scanip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@lunaradg.scanip>conn sys/oracle@rac1adg as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@rac1adg>conn sys/oracle@rac2adg as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@rac2adg>conn sys/oracle@racadg.vip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@racadg.vip>conn sys/oracle@racadg.scanip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@racadg.scanip>conn sys/oracle@rac1 as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@rac1>conn sys/oracle@rac2 as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@rac2>conn sys/oracle@racdb.vip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@racdb.vip>conn sys/oracle@racdb.scanip as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@racdb.scanip>

至此已经全部完成。
Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列：
Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库
 Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列 – 配置第二个网络和相应的SCAN2

发表在 Installation and Deinstall, Linux, network, ORACLE 12C, RAC | 标签为 12c rac network2, 12c RAC SCAN, 12c RAC 第二个网络, 12c 第二个网络, listener_networks, RAC 第二个网络 | 留下评论

Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库

发表于 2016 年 2 月 23 日由 Lunar

在11.2中模拟主机损坏，使用重新安装新主机识别老存储并恢复数据库。
11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-1-识别ASM磁盘
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-2-准备识别数据库
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-3-配置老存储的数据库
这里的测试也同样是模拟主机损坏，安装新主机识别老存储来恢复数据库，不同之处在于，这里假设老存储的ocr和vf是保存在单独的crsdg的，客户没有新的磁盘来创建新的crsdg，因此，我们需要将最前面的3块盘（除去sda后，是sdb~sdd）使用dd清除其前面50M的数据，然后用这3块盘组成后续安装GI时的CRSDG。
别的过程几乎都一样，添加数据库资源的时候，注意一下12.1跟11.2的命令不同，尽管12.1中如果使用11.2的添加数据库的命令也可以执行，并且没有报错信息（貌似兼容），但后续使用时可能会有问题，比如在ocr中识别的dbunique的信息是不正确的。
.
具体步骤如下（因为先在12.1中测试，然后才在112.测试，因此这里的测试记录了发现的一些问题和处理方法，而11.2中模拟主机损坏，直接使用了这里的经验，因此没有任何报错信息）：
1，安装12.1.0.2的GI软件，如果需要也apply最新的PSU，然后查看磁盘和磁盘组：

[grid@lunarrac ~]$ kfod disks=all ds=true cluster=true status=true
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Disk          Size Header    Path                                     Disk Group   User     Group   
================================================================================
   1:       2047 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskb                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   2:       2047 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskc                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   3:       2047 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskd                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   4:       2048 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diske                           DATADG       grid     asmadmin
   5:       2048 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskf                           DATADG       grid     asmadmin
   6:       2048 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskg                           DATADG       grid     asmadmin
   7:       3072 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskh                           DATADG2      grid     asmadmin
   8:      10240 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diski                           DATADG2      grid     asmadmin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME                                      HOST_NAME           
================================================================================
     +ASM1 /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid                           lunarrac                       
[grid@lunarrac ~]$

创建ASM的spfile

[grid@lunarrac ~]$ ss
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Feb 14 19:08:33 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/asm.pfile' from spfile;

File created.

SQL>
添加磁盘组'CRSDG', 'DATADG', 'DATADG2'
1
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups='CRSDG', 'DATADG', 'DATADG2' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL>

查找spfile：

SYS@+ASM1>SELECT f.group_number, f.file_number, a.name name, f.type type
  2  FROM v$asm_file f, v$asm_alias a
  3  WHERE f.group_number=a.group_number and f.file_number=a.file_number
  4   and f.type='PARAMETERFILE'
  5  ORDER BY 1, 2;

    GROUP_NUMBER      FILE_NUMBER NAME                                                    TYPE
---------------- ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------
               1              268 spfile.268.903782013                                    PARAMETERFILE
               2              273 spfile.273.892298577                                    PARAMETERFILE

Elapsed: 00:00:00.16
SYS@+ASM1>

这里看到有两个spfile，哪一个是我们需要的呢？
或者如果这个存储上有多个数据库时，怎么确定哪个数据库使用哪个spfle？
我们知道ASM内部是使用OMF管理数据文件的，因此，它的命名规则是：

因此，根据dbuniquename我们就可以确定哪个数据库使用哪个spfile。
+group/DB_UNIQUE_NAME/file_type/file_type_tag.file#.incarnation#
文件类型是datafile, controlfile, onlinelog等等

ASMCMD> ls -l 
Type           Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
PARAMETERFILE  UNPROT  COARSE   DEC 25 10:00:00  Y    spfile.273.892298577
ASMCMD> pwd
+datadg2/lunar/PARAMETERFILE
ASMCMD>

我们将spifle从ASM中复制到文件系统，然后查看其中信息是否正确：

ASMCMD> cp spfile.273.892298577 /tmp/spfile.273.892298577
copying +datadg2/lunar/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.273.892298577 -> /tmp/spfile.273.892298577
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type           Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
PARAMETERFILE  UNPROT  COARSE   FEB 14 20:00:00  Y    spfile.273.892298577
ASMCMD>

查看spfile

[grid@lunarrac ~]$ strings /tmp/spfile.273.892298577 
lunar1.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
lunar2.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
*._gc_policy_time=0
*._gc_undo_affinity=FALSE
*._index_partition_large_extents='FALSE'
*._optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing=FALSE
*._optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing='NONE'
*._optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel='NONE'
*._optimizer_null_aware_antijoin=FALSE
*._optimizer_use_feedback=FALSE
*._partition_large_extents='FALSE'
*._PX_use_large_
pool=TRUE
*._undo_autotune=FALSE
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lunar/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.cluster_database=true
*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.257.892295167','+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.258.892295171'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=52428800
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATADG2'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='lunar'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATADG2'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5565m
*.db_writer_processes=2
*.defe
rred_segment_creation=FALSE
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lunarXDB)'
*.event='28401 trace name context forever,level 1','10949 trace name context forever,level 1'
lunar2.instance_number=2
lunar1.instance_number=1
*.java_pool_size=52428800
*.job_queue_processes=5
*.large_pool_size=10485760
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.log_buffer=10305536
*.memory_target=0
*.open_cursors=300
*.parallel_force_local=TRUE
*.parallel_max_servers=30
*.pa
rallel_min_servers=30
*.parallel_servers_target=30
*.pga_aggregate_limit=629145600
*.pga_aggregate_target=360m
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.resource_limit=TRUE
*.resource_manager_plan=''
*.session_cached_cursors=30
*.sga_target=0
*.shared_pool_size=419430400
lunar2.thread=2
lunar1.thread=1
lunar2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
lunar1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
[grid@lunarrac ~]$

这时，启动是数据库会报错：

[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ ss

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Feb 14 21:05:13 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@lunar1>startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area        557842432 bytes
Fixed Size                        2926520 bytes
Variable Size                   486541384 bytes
Database Buffers                 54525952 bytes
Redo Buffers                     13848576 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
SYS@lunar1>

alert中报错如下：

ORACLE_BASE from environment = /u01/app/oracle
Sun Feb 14 21:11:42 2016
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Sun Feb 14 21:11:42 2016
This instance was first to mount
Sun Feb 14 21:11:42 2016
NOTE: ASMB mounting group 2 (DATADG2)
Sun Feb 14 21:11:42 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diskh"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
Sun Feb 14 21:11:42 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diski"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
NOTE: Disk 0 in group 2 could not be opened.
WARNING: Failed to complete group 2
WARNING: group 2 is being dismounted.
WARNING: ASMB force dismounting group 2 (DATADG2) due to failed mount
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATADG2 was dismounted
NOTE: ASMB mounting group 2 (DATADG2)
Sun Feb 14 21:11:43 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diskh"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
Sun Feb 14 21:11:43 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diski"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
NOTE: Disk 0 in group 2 could not be opened.
WARNING: Failed to complete group 2
WARNING: group 2 is being dismounted.
WARNING: ASMB force dismounting group 2 (DATADG2) due to failed mount
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATADG2 was dismounted
Sun Feb 14 21:11:43 2016
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.258.892295171'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.258.892295171
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATADG2" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.257.892295167'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.257.892295167
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATADG2" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT...
Sun Feb 14 21:12:07 2016
Decreasing number of real time LMS from 1 to 0

根据报错信息，我们知道，是因为oracle没有访问asm磁盘组的权限造成的，因此需要修改oracle权限：

[grid@lunarrac ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/setasmgidwrap o=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
[grid@lunarrac ~]$ ls -lrt /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 323762276 Feb 14 18:15 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
[grid@lunarrac ~]$

再次mount数据库，依然报错：

SYS@lunar1>alter database mount;
alter database mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
Elapsed: 00:00:17.22
SYS@lunar1>

报错信息如下：

alter database mount
Sun Feb 14 21:18:10 2016
This instance was first to mount
Process O000 died, see its trace file
Sun Feb 14 21:18:12 2016
NOTE: ASMB mounting group 2 (DATADG2)
Process O000 died, see its trace file
Sun Feb 14 21:18:16 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diskh"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
Sun Feb 14 21:18:19 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diski"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
NOTE: Disk 0 in group 2 could not be opened.
WARNING: Failed to complete group 2
Sun Feb 14 21:18:24 2016
WARNING: group 2 is being dismounted.
WARNING: ASMB force dismounting group 2 (DATADG2) due to failed mount
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATADG2 was dismounted
NOTE: ASMB mounting group 2 (DATADG2)
Sun Feb 14 21:18:26 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diskh"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
Sun Feb 14 21:18:26 2016
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/asm-diski"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
NOTE: Disk 0 in group 2 could not be opened.
WARNING: Failed to complete group 2
WARNING: group 2 is being dismounted.
WARNING: ASMB force dismounting group 2 (DATADG2) due to failed mount
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATADG2 was dismounted
Sun Feb 14 21:18:26 2016
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.258.892295171'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.258.892295171
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATADG2" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '+DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.257.892295167'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATADG2/LUNAR/CONTROLFILE/current.257.892295167
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATADG2" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-205 signalled during: alter database mount
...
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Process m001 died, see its trace file
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Process m001 died, see its trace file
Process m000 died, see its trace file

具体的trace文件如下：

Trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/lunar/lunar1/trace/lunar1_m000_14358.trc
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1
System name:    Linux
Node name:      lunarrac
Release:        3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64
Version:        #2 SMP Wed Sep 10 06:10:25 PDT 2014
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: lunar1
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
Oracle process number: 0
Unix process pid: 14358, image:
*** 2016-02-14 21:20:01.641
Died during process startup with error 27140 (seq=94)
OPIRIP: Uncaught error 27140. Error stack:
ORA-27140: attach to post/wait facility failed
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:invalid_egid failed with status: 1
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Operation not permitted
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpwinit6
ORA-27303: additional information: startup egid = 6000 (oinstall), current egid = 5000 (asmadmin)
~

这里看到，应该是数据库还是不能访问磁盘组，将磁盘组注册到ocr中的过程如下：

SQL> alter diskgroup datadg mount 
Sun Feb 14 21:42:56 2016
NOTE: cache registered group DATADG 2/0x4BA26F20
NOTE: cache began mount (first) of group DATADG 2/0x4BA26F20
NOTE: Assigning number (2,1) to disk (/dev/asm-diskf)
NOTE: Assigning number (2,2) to disk (/dev/asm-diskg)
NOTE: Assigning number (2,0) to disk (/dev/asm-diske)
Sun Feb 14 21:43:02 2016
NOTE: GMON heartbeating for grp 2 (DATADG)
GMON querying group 2 at 17 for pid 30, osid 19564
Sun Feb 14 21:43:02 2016
NOTE: cache is mounting group DATADG created on 2015/10/05 07:49:39
NOTE: cache opening disk 0 of grp 2: DATADG_0000 path:/dev/asm-diske
NOTE: 02/14/16 21:43:02 DATADG.F1X0 found on disk 0 au 10 fcn 0.0 datfmt 1
NOTE: cache opening disk 1 of grp 2: DATADG_0001 path:/dev/asm-diskf
NOTE: 02/14/16 21:43:02 DATADG.F1X0 found on disk 1 au 10 fcn 0.0 datfmt 1
NOTE: cache opening disk 2 of grp 2: DATADG_0002 path:/dev/asm-diskg
NOTE: 02/14/16 21:43:02 DATADG.F1X0 found on disk 2 au 10 fcn 0.0 datfmt 1
Sun Feb 14 21:43:02 2016
NOTE: cache mounting (first) normal redundancy group 2/0x4BA26F20 (DATADG)
Sun Feb 14 21:43:02 2016
* allocate domain 2, invalid = TRUE 
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
NOTE: attached to recovery domain 2
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
* validated domain 2, flags = 0x0
NOTE: cache recovered group 2 to fcn 0.73
NOTE: redo buffer size is 256 blocks (1056768 bytes)
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
NOTE: LGWR attempting to mount thread 1 for diskgroup 2 (DATADG)
NOTE: LGWR found thread 1 closed at ABA 11.22 lock domain=0 inc#=0 instnum=1
NOTE: LGWR mounted thread 1 for diskgroup 2 (DATADG)
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
NOTE: LGWR opened thread 1 (DATADG) at fcn 0.73 ABA 12.23 lock domain=2 inc#=2 instnum=1 gx.incarn=1268936480 mntstmp=2016/02/14 21:43:03.557000
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
NOTE: cache mounting group 2/0x4BA26F20 (DATADG) succeeded
NOTE: cache ending mount (success) of group DATADG number=2 incarn=0x4ba26f20
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
NOTE: Instance updated compatible.asm to 12.1.0.0.0 for grp 2
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATADG was mounted
Sun Feb 14 21:43:03 2016
SUCCESS: alter diskgroup datadg mount
Sun Feb 14 21:43:04 2016
NOTE: diskgroup resource ora.DATADG.dg is online
WARNING: unknown state for diskgroup resource ora.DATADG.dg, Return Value: 3

再次查看，ocr中已经包含了这些磁盘组

[root@lunarrac ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 Started,STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 169.254.52.98 192.16
                                                             8.60.56,STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.lunarrac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lunarrac ~]#

将数据库注册到ocr中：
在12.1中如果沿用11.2的配置数据库命令，那么数据库可以启动，但是可以发现配置信息是有问题的:
例如，“Database name: lunarrac”这里显示lunarrac是我的主机名，而数据库名是lunar，因此使用112.的命令注册数据库到ocr会有其他未知问题
建议，在不同版本，根据不同版本的命令进行注册。

[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ srvctl add database -d lunar -n lunarrac -o $ORACLE_HOME -p +datadg2/lunar/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.273.892298577 -s OPEN -y AUTOMATIC -a "CRSDG,DATADG,DATADG2" -t IMMEDIATE
[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ srvctl config database -d lunar
Database unique name: lunar
Database name: lunarrac
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +datadg2/lunar/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.273.892298577
Password file: 
Domain: 
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: 
Disk Groups: CRSDG,DATADG,DATADG2
Mount point paths: 
Services: 
Type: RAC
Start concurrency: 
Stop concurrency: 
OSDBA group: dba
OSOPER group: oinstall
Database instances: 
Configured nodes: 
Database is administrator managed
[oracle@lunarrac ~]$

检查crs状态，数据库已经注册进去了：

[root@lunarrac ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 Started,STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 169.254.52.98 192.16
                                                             8.60.56,STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.lunar.db
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.lunarrac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lunarrac ~]#

启动数据库：

[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ srvctl start database -d lunar
[oracle@lunarrac ~]$ 
.
[root@lunarrac ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.DATADG2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 Started,STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 169.254.52.98 192.16
                                                             8.60.56,STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.lunar.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 Open,STABLE
ora.lunarrac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunarrac                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lunarrac ~]#

在挂完老存储后，还需要检查口令文件，如果有必要，需要重新给sys和system授予sysdba，sysoper权限，以便使用操作系统认证方式登录数据库。

发表在 ASM, ORACLE 12C, RAC | 标签为 12c asm, 12c 迁移asm, 迁移rac, 迁移存储 | 留下评论

Oracle 12.2的Sharding-1-基础概念

发表于 2016 年 2 月 22 日由 Lunar

2015年8月份内部release了Oracle 12.2beta版本（目前内部最新release的版本是2016年2月份发布的，windows和Linux都有了），目前根据12.2beta文档的介绍，Oracle推出了sharding的功能，跟其他NOSQL型的sharding结构相比，Oracle Sharding提供的是企业级的RDBMS的分片技术。
.
Oracle Sharding的优点：
• Relational schemas
• Database partitioning
• ACID properties and read consistency
• SQL and other programmatic interfaces
• Complex data types
• Online schema changes
• Multi-core scalability
• Advanced security
• Compression
• High Availability features
• Enterprise-scale backup and recovery
.
在Oracle RDBMS 12.2.0.1中最多支持1000个shards。
.
Oracle Sharding使用GDS(Global Data Services)架构来自动部署和管理sharding和复制技术。
GDS（GDS是Oracle RDBMS 12.1的新特性）也提供负载均衡和SDB（sharded database）中的基于位置的路由功能。
.
Shard目录（Shard directors）使用GDS framework的全局服务管理组件（global service manager component）来提供应用层请求到shard的直接路由。shard目录（Shard directors）是一个单独的数据库，它用来保存SDB(Sharding database)配置数据和提供其他相关功能，比如shard的交叉查询和集中管理。可以使用GDS是GDSCTL工具可以用来配置SDB。

Oracle Sharding的分区架构（Partitioning Infrastructure）
分区在表空间级别跨shards分布，每个表空间关联一个特定的shard。一个shard表的每一个分区放单独的表空间，并且每个表空间关联到一个特定的shard。根据不同的sharding方法，这个关联可以自动建立或者根据定义创建。尽管一个shard表的多个分区放在多个单独主机的数据库上（这些数据库完全独立，不共享CPU、内存等软件和硬件），但是应用访问表时就如同访问一个单独数据库中的分区表一样。应用发出的SQL语句不需要依赖shard号和shard的物理配置。
.
Oracle Sharding 使用 familiar SQL 语法创建表分区，指定分区表的每行数据如何分片。
一个shard表的分区键叫做sharding key，例如，下面的语法是典型的用来创建sharding表的：
CREATE SHARDED TABLE customers
( cust_id NUMBER NOT NULL
, name VARCHAR2(50)
, address VARCHAR2(250)
, region VARCHAR2(20)
, class VARCHAR2(3)
, signup DATE
CONSTRAINT cust_pk PRIMARY KEY(cust_id)
)
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (cust_id)
TABLESPACE SET ts1
PARTITIONS AUTO;
这个数据分片（shard）就是基于键值cust_id，分区采用“CONSISTENT HASH”，这是一个特定的hash分区类型，通常用在分布式系统上。

.
Sharding a Table Family
一个表家族（Table Family）中没有任何父表的表叫做根表（root table），每个表家族中只能有一个根表。
表家族中所有的表按照根表的主键进行sharding，根据各级表的结构，相关数据可以被存储在同一个shard上。
在12.2，在一个SDB中只支持一个表家族。
.
以下面的例子说明，这里一共3张表组成的表家族（Table Family）
客户表，订单表和订单明细表。
每个客户可以有多个订单，每个订单中可以有多个商品，因此订单明细中就记录了每个订单中的多个商品，他们的具体数据如下：

在这个表族中，客户编号为123的数据如下：

.
将一个表族（Sharded Table Family）分片通常使有下面两种方法创建：
方法1：不显示指定父子关系，而是通过表之间主外键关系创建表族。这种方式创建的表族是一个多级的树形结构。
根表(root table)是客户表：
–客户表的主键是CustNo，分区方式是“CONSISTENT HASH (CustNo)”
–保存再表空间集ts1中

CREATE SHARDED TABLE Customers
( CustNo NUMBER NOT NULL
, Name VARCHAR2(50)
, Address VARCHAR2(250)
, CONSTRAINT RootPK PRIMARY KEY(CustNo)
)
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (CustNo)
PARTITIONS AUTO
TABLESPACE SET ts1
;

–订单表是客户表的字表，子表（订单表）根据CustNo关联父表（客户表）：
–订单表的主键是（CustNo, OrderNo），外键（CustNo）引用了主表Customers(CustNo)
–分区方式是按照订单表的外键约束（CustFK）

CREATE SHARDED TABLE Orders
( OrderNo NUMBER NOT NULL
, CustNo NUMBER NOT NULL
, OrderDate DATE
, CONSTRAINT OrderPK PRIMARY KEY (CustNo, OrderNo)
, CONSTRAINT CustFK FOREIGN KEY (CustNo) REFERENCES Customers(CustNo)
)
PARTITION BY REFERENCE (CustFK)
;

–订单明细表是订单表的字表，子表（订单明细表）根据CustNo关联父表（订单表）
–订单明细表的主键是（CustNo, OrderNo, LineNo），外键（CustNo, OrderNo）引用了父表Orders(OrderNo)和Orders(CustNo, OrderNo)
–分区方式是按照订单明细表的外键约束（LineFK）

CREATE SHARDED TABLE LineItems
( CustNo NUMBER NOT NULL
, LineNo NUMBER(2) NOT NULL
, OrderNo NUMBER(5) NOT NULL
, StockNo NUMBER(4)
, Quantity NUMBER(2)
, CONSTRAINT LinePK PRIMARY KEY (CustNo, OrderNo, LineNo)
, CONSTRAINT LineFK FOREIGN KEY (CustNo, OrderNo) REFERENCES Orders(OrderNo) 
REFERENCES Orders(CustNo, OrderNo)
)
PARTITION BY REFERENCE (LineFK)
;

因此，上面的例子中，这个表家族的所有数据都保存在同一个表空间集ts1中。
当根表中增加一个分区的时候，那么相关联的表中都会自动增加相应的分区。

.
方法2：在分区表中显示指定父子关系的方法创建表家族
这种分区方法只支持两级的表家族（two-level table families），所有的子表必须有相同的父表,父表的分区列在每个子表中都存在，例如下面的CustNo.
.
–没有关键字“PARENT”（也没有上面引用约束关键字）的是根表，即客户表（Customers）

CREATE SHARDED TABLE Customers
( CustNo NUMBER NOT NULL
, Name VARCHAR2(50)
, Address VARCHAR2(250)
, region VARCHAR2(20)
, class VARCHAR2(3)
, signup DATE
)
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (CustNo)
TABLESPACE SET ts1
PARTITIONS AUTO
;

–根据关键字“PARENT Customers”指定了订单表（Orders）的父表是客户表（Customers）

CREATE SHARDED TABLE Orders
( OrderNo NUMBER
, CustNo NUMBER
, OrderDate DATE
)
PARENT Customers
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (CustNo)
TABLESPACE SET ts1
PARTITIONS AUTO
;

–根据关键字“PARENT Customers”指定了订单明细表（LineItems）的父表是客户表（Customers）

CREATE SHARDED TABLE LineItems
( LineNo NUMBER
, OrderNo NUMBER
, CustNo NUMBER
, StockNo NUMBER
, Quantity NUMBER
)
)
PARENT Customers
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (CustNo)
TABLESPACE SET ts1
PARTITIONS AUTO
;

Creating a Duplicated Table Using CREATE TABLE
复制表可以被复制到所有的shard上，这种在每个shard上有相同内容的表叫做复制表（Duplicated Table）
需要经常跟shard表关联的小表适合于作为复制表（Duplicated Table），适用于：
（1）只读表
（2）大量跨shard的读操作
.
Oracle Sharding使用Materialized View Replication来同步复制表（duplicated tables）的内容
每个shard上的duplicated tables的内容是一个只读物化视图（read-only materialized view.）
物化视图（materialized views）的主表保存在一个专门的数据库中，叫做shard catalog。
所有shard上的物化视图（materialized views）会根据配置的频率自动刷新。
创建复制表的语句“CREATE DUPLICATED TABLE”会自动创建master表，物化视图和其他物化视图复制所需要的对象。
还是以上面的客户订单关系为例，这里定义产品表（Products）为复制表：

CREATE DUPLICATED TABLE Products
( StockNo NUMBER PRIMARY KEY
, Description VARCHAR2(20)
, Price NUMBER(6,2))
)
;

根据sharding的机制，sharding的设计对后续系统性能影响是非常大的。
一旦sharding创建完成，并已经有很多数据，相关的属性就不能再修改了，比如某个表是复制表，还是sharding表，sharding key等等
因此，SDB的设计是至关重要的，再设计sharding是需要考虑的有：
那些表需要被设计为sharding表
哪些表需要做复制表
哪些shard表是根表
使用什么方法来关联一个表到其他表或者根表
应该使用哪种sharding方法
使用哪个座位sharding key

发表在 ORACLE 12C | 标签为 oracle 12.2, oracle sharding, sharding key | 留下评论

11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-3-配置老存储的数据库

发表于 2016 年 2 月 22 日由 Lunar

11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-1-识别ASM磁盘
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-2-准备识别数据库
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-3-配置老存储的数据库
 Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库
安装Oracle 11.2.0.4数据库软件，然后执行root.sh，这个没有特别的东西，略。
之后，我们需要修改ORACLE RDBMS的oracle二进制文件的权限，让oracle 数据库进程可以获取ASM磁盘组。

[root@lunar5 ~]# su - grid
[grid@lunar5 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/setasmgidwrap o=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
[grid@lunar5 ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 239626689 Feb 15 22:09 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
[grid@lunar5 ~]$

注意，这里的/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/oracle就是安装ORACLE RDBMS的ORACLE_HOME。
然后，将数据库添加到CRS中，启动数据库：

[oracle@lunar5 ~]$ srvctl add database -d lunar -n lunar5 -o $ORACLE_HOME -p +DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049 -s OPEN -y AUTOMATIC -a "TEMPDG,DATADG1,DATADG2,DATADG3" -t IMMEDIATE
[oracle@lunar5 ~]$

检查数据库在ocr中的配置：

[oracle@lunar5 ~]$ srvctl config database -d lunar
Database unique name: lunar
Database name: lunar5
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049
Domain: 
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: lunar
Database instances: 
Disk Groups: TEMPDG,DATADG1,DATADG2,DATADG3
Mount point paths: 
Services: 
Type: RAC
Database is administrator managed
[oracle@lunar5 ~]$

启动数据库：

[oracle@lunar5 ~]$ srvctl start database -d lunar
[oracle@lunar5 ~]$

检查crs的状态：

[root@lunar5 ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATADG1.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.DATADG2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.DATADG3.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.TEMPDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                   Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      lunar5                                       
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.lunar.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE	    lunar5                   Open          
ora.lunar5.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
[root@lunar5 ~]#

至此，整个使用新主机识别老存储的RAC（主要是识别ASM）就完成了。如果是文件系统的环境，比这个简单很多，ASM的全部可以省略了。
.
Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列：
Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库
 Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列 – 配置第二个网络和相应的SCAN2

发表在 ASM, Installation and Deinstall, Linux, Oracle 11.1 & Oracle11.2, RAC | 标签为 11.2 RAC, 迁移asm, 迁移rac | 留下评论

11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-2-准备识别数据库

发表于 2016 年 2 月 22 日由 Lunar

11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-1-识别ASM磁盘
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-2-准备识别数据库
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-3-配置老存储的数据库
 Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库
假设原来的主机已经完全不能启动了（比如硬件故障等），只能在存储上的ASM中查找数据库使用的参数文件：

[grid@lunar5 ~]$ ss

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 15 21:48:15 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SYS@+ASM1>col name for a55
SYS@+ASM1>col type for a25
SYS@+ASM1>SELECT f.group_number, f.file_number, a.name name, f.type type
  2  FROM v$asm_file f, v$asm_alias a
  3  WHERE f.group_number=a.group_number and f.file_number=a.file_number
  4   and f.type='PARAMETERFILE'
  5  ORDER BY 1, 2;

    GROUP_NUMBER      FILE_NUMBER NAME                                                    TYPE
---------------- ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------
               2              272 spfile.272.892409049                                    PARAMETERFILE
               2              272 spfilelunar.ora                                         PARAMETERFILE

Elapsed: 00:00:00.09
SYS@+ASM1>

这里看到，数据库使用的参数文件是spfilelunar.ora，它是spfile.272.892409049的别名文件。
我们在ASM中查看一下：

ASMCMD> pwd
+datadg2/lunar
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type           Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                                 Y    ARCHIVELOG/
                                                 Y    CONTROLFILE/
                                                 Y    DATAFILE/
                                                 Y    ONLINELOG/
                                                 Y    PARAMETERFILE/
                                                 Y    TEMPFILE/
                                                 N    spfilelunar.ora => +DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049
ASMCMD>    
我们将这个文件复制到文件系统，然后查看该文件内容，以便确定是否为我们需要使用的数据库的参数文件：
1
ASMCMD> cp +DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049 /tmp/lunar.db.spfile
copying +DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049 -> /tmp/lunar.db.spfile
ASMCMD>

检查数据库的spfile的内容：

[root@lunar5 ~]# ll /tmp/lunar.db.spfile
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 2560 Feb 15 21:51 /tmp/lunar.db.spfile
[root@lunar5 ~]# strings /tmp/lunar.db.spfile
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lunar/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.cluster_database=true
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='+DATADG2/lunar/controlfile/current.256.892408309','+DATADG2/lunar/controlfile/current.257.892408311'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=157286400
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATADG2'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='lunar'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATADG2'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4194304000
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
lunar2.instance_number=
lunar1.instance_number=1
*.java_pool_size=31457280
*.large_pool_size=31457280
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=228589568
*.processes=150
*.remote_listener='lunar-scan:1521'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.shared_pool_size=419430400
lunar2.thread=2
lunar1.thread=1
lunar2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
lunar1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
[root@lunar5 ~]#

这里确定的，该文件+datadg2/lunar/spfilelunar.ora（也就是+DATADG2/LUNAR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.892409049）就是我们需要使用的数据库参数文件。

发表在 ASM, Installation and Deinstall, Oracle 11.1 & Oracle11.2, RAC | 标签为 11.2 RAC, 迁移asm, 迁移rac | 留下评论

11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-1-识别ASM磁盘

发表于 2016 年 2 月 22 日由 Lunar

在有些场景下，RAC环境中如果主机出现问题，比如硬件故障等，不能启动，我们需要尽快存储上的启动数据库，恢复业务，那么就需要迁移以前的RAC环境到新的主机环境下，我测试了11.2和12.1的RAC，恢复过程还是很快的，基本上就是安装软件的过程，如果真实场景恢复业务，有两种方法：
1，按照我这里的方法重新安装主机，恢复RAC和数据库
2，如果之前有可用的操作系统的备份（比如NBU备份了OS），那么直接使用NBU还原即可
.
我这里测试的是方法1，重新安装11204的GI（Grid Infrastructure）和ORACLE RDBMS软件，然后识别老存储。
测试环境：单节点RAC, 操作系统是OEL Linux 6.6, 数据库版本是11.2.0.4
11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-1-识别ASM磁盘
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-2-准备识别数据库
 11.2 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储-3-配置老存储的数据库
 Oracle 12.1 RAC 系列-安装新主机，识别老存储和恢复数据库
.
首先，因为存储使用的是11204的ASM，测试过程只安装11204的GI（Grid Infrastructure）软件，不用OUI配置GI。

[root@lunar5 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@lunar5 ~]#

执行root.sh：

[root@lunar5 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g 

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
  root wallet
  root wallet cert
  root cert export
  peer wallet
  profile reader wallet
  pa wallet
  peer wallet keys
  pa wallet keys
  peer cert request
  pa cert request
  peer cert
  pa cert
  peer root cert TP
  profile reader root cert TP
  pa root cert TP
  peer pa cert TP
  pa peer cert TP
  profile reader pa cert TP
  profile reader peer cert TP
  peer user cert
  pa user cert
Adding Clusterware entries to upstart
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'lunar5' succeeded

ASM created and started successfully.

Disk Group TEMPDG created successfully.

clscfg: -install mode specified
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk 381226346c054f62bf5f219ee16d7e25.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +TEMPDG.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   381226346c054f62bf5f219ee16d7e25 (/dev/asm-diski) [TEMPDG]
Located 1 voting disk(s).
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'lunar5' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.TEMPDG.dg' on 'lunar5'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.TEMPDG.dg' on 'lunar5' succeeded
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
[root@lunar5 ~]#

相应的checkpoint文件内容：

[root@lunar5 ~]# ll /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4176 Feb 15 19:31 /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
[root@lunar5 ~]# 
[root@lunar5 ~]# tail  /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_OSDSETUP" DESC="ROOTCRS_OSDSETUP" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_ONETIME" DESC="ROOTCRS_ONETIME" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_OLR" DESC="ROOTCRS_OLR" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_GPNPSETUP" DESC="ROOTCRS_GPNPSETUP" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_OHASD" DESC="ROOTCRS_OHASD" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_INITRES" DESC="ROOTCRS_INITRES" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_ACFSINST" DESC="ROOTCRS_ACFSINST" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_BOOTCFG" DESC="ROOTCRS_BOOTCFG" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
   <CHECKPOINT LEVEL="MAJOR" NAME="ROOTCRS_NODECONFIG" DESC="ROOTCRS_NODECONFIG" STATE="SUCCESS"/>
</CHECKPOINTS>
[root@lunar5 ~]#

这里看到“DESC=”ROOTCRS_NODECONFIG” STATE=”SUCCESS””表示GI已经配置完成。
图形界面点击ok，继续执行其余配置,配置完成后，再次检查checkpoint文件：

[root@lunar5 ~]# ll  /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4176 Feb 15 19:31 /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
[root@lunar5 ~]# cd /u01/app/grid/Clusterware/
[root@lunar5 Clusterware]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4176 Feb 15 19:31 ckptGridHA_lunar5.xml
[root@lunar5 Clusterware]#

这里看到，checkpoint文件的日期没有变化，说明checkpoint文件是执行root.sh的时候才有用的，也就是这个过程是11.2中为了方便客户，增加了root.sh的失败后继续配置二设计的，非常体贴的功能。在12.2中，该功能更加方便，他将会只管的告诉你当前配置的检查点情况，如果有些步骤失败后，oracle会自动清除老的配置，以便可以失败安装后不用重装，而是纠正错误后继续配置，类似“断点续传”那种意思。
.
比如，下面是12.2beta上安装RAC时执行root.sh的过程：

[root@lunar1 ~]#  /stage/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /stage

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Relinking oracle with rac_on option

Using configuration parameter file: /stage/crs/install/crsconfig_params
The log of current session can be found at:
  /u01/app/grid/crsdata/lunar1/crsconfig/rootcrs_lunar1_2016-01-24_12-44-34AM.log
2016/01/24 12:44:34 CLSRSC-46: Error: '/stage/crs/install/ParentDirPerm_lunar1.txt' does not exist

2016/01/24 12:44:34 CLSRSC-46: Error: '/stage/crs/install/ParentDirPerm_lunar1.txt' does not exist

2016/01/24 12:44:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 19: 'SetupTFA'.

2016/01/24 12:44:35 CLSRSC-4001: Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.

2016/01/24 12:44:35 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.

2016/01/24 12:44:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 19: 'ValidateEnv'.

2016/01/24 12:44:37 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation

2016/01/24 12:44:37 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 19: 'CheckFirstNode'.

2016/01/24 12:44:38 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 19: 'GenSiteGUIDs'.

2016/01/24 12:44:39 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 19: 'SaveParamFile'.

2016/01/24 12:44:40 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 19: 'SetupOSD'.

2016/01/24 12:44:41 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 19: 'CheckCRSConfig'.

2016/01/24 12:44:41 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 19: 'SetupLocalGPNP'.

2016/01/24 12:44:42 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 19: 'ConfigOLR'.

2016/01/24 12:44:43 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 19: 'ConfigCHMOS'.

2016/01/24 12:45:30 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 19: 'CreateOHASD'.

2016/01/24 12:45:31 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 19: 'ConfigOHASD'.

2016/01/24 12:45:46 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'

2016/01/24 12:46:08 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 19: 'InstallAFD'.

2016/01/24 12:46:11 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 19: 'InstallACFS'.

2016/01/24 12:46:11 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 19: 'InstallKA'.

2016/01/24 12:46:14 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 19: 'InitConfig'.

CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'lunar1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'lunar1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
2016/01/24 12:46:23 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 19: 'StartCluster'.

CRS-4123: Starting Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.storage' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.storage' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crf' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crf' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-6023: Starting Oracle Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
CRS-6017: Processing resource auto-start for servers: lunar1
CRS-6016: Resource auto-start has completed for server lunar1
CRS-6024: Completed start of Oracle Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
2016/01/24 12:47:34 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack

2016/01/24 12:47:34 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 19: 'ConfigNode'.

CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'lunar1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.CRSDG.dg' on 'lunar1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.CRSDG.dg' on 'lunar1' succeeded
2016/01/24 12:48:43 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 19: 'PostConfig'.

2016/01/24 12:49:04 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

[root@lunar1 ~]#

可以看到，这个过程比12.2以前的RAC执行root.sh的提示更加清晰了。
好吧，回到我们的环境中，继续检查老的asm磁盘组

[grid@lunar5 ~]$ kfod disks=all ds=true cluster=true status=true
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Disk          Size Header    Path                                     Disk Group   User     Group   
================================================================================
   1:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskb                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   2:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskc                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   3:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskd                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   4:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diske                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   5:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskf                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   6:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskg                           CRSDG        grid     asmadmin
   7:       5120 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskh                           DATADG2      grid     asmadmin
   8:       3072 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diski                           TEMPDG       grid     asmadmin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME                                      HOST_NAME           
================================================================================
     +ASM1 /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid                           lunar5              
[grid@lunar5 ~]$

将上述磁盘组添加到ASM启动磁盘组的列表中：

[grid@lunar5 ~]$ ss

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 15 21:31:29 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL> show parameter asm

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups                       string
asm_diskstring                       string      /dev/asm*
asm_power_limit                      integer     1
asm_preferred_read_failure_groups    string
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups='TEMPDG','CRSDG', 'DATADG1', 'DATADG2' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL>

对新添加的磁盘组执行mount和dismount后，这些磁盘组就会自动添加到ocr中：

[root@lunar5 ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.DATADG1.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.DATADG2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.TEMPDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                   Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      lunar5                                       
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.lunar5.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       lunar5                                       
[root@lunar5 ~]#

检查ASM磁盘组中的内容（比如包含哪些数据库），因为ASM是采用OMF的，因此大部分情况下，通过磁盘组的目录结构就可以看出来这个存储中以前包含哪些数据库和其他相关信息：

ASMCMD> lsdg
State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N         512   4096  1048576      3072     2769             1024             872              0             N  CRSDG/
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N         512   4096  1048576      1536     1251              512             369              0             N  DATADG1/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      5120     3386                0            3386              0             N  DATADG2/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      3072     2719                0            2719              0             Y  TEMPDG/
ASMCMD> cd +crsdg
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD> cd +datadg1
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD> cd +datadg2
ASMCMD> ls
LUNAR/
ASMCMD>

这里看到，该存储中，包含了一个数据库，crsdg中的信息已经被我删除了，因此，没有老的ocr和voting disk文件了

现在，已经确定只有datadg2上面有数据，因此可以重组磁盘组，以便合理利用空间（后续我要用这个vm做很多其他测试）：

ASMCMD> lsdg
State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N         512   4096  4194304      1536     1296              512             392              0             N  DATADG1/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      5120     3386                0            3386              0             N  DATADG2/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      3072     3016                0            3016              0             N  DATADG3/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      3072     2719                0            2719              0             Y  TEMPDG/
ASMCMD>

使用kfod查看：

[grid@lunar5 ~]$ kfod disks=all ds=true cluster=true status=true
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Disk          Size Header    Path                                     Disk Group   User     Group   
================================================================================
   1:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskb                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   2:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskc                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   3:        512 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskd                           DATADG1      grid     asmadmin
   4:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diske                           DATADG3      grid     asmadmin
   5:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskf                           DATADG3      grid     asmadmin
   6:       1024 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskg                           DATADG3      grid     asmadmin
   7:       5120 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskh                           DATADG2      grid     asmadmin
   8:       3072 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diski                           TEMPDG       grid     asmadmin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME                                      HOST_NAME           
================================================================================
     +ASM1 /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid                           lunar5              
[grid@lunar5 ~]$

确认当前的crs状态都是正常的：

[root@lunar5 ~]# crsctl status res -t
——————————————————————————–
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
——————————————————————————–
Local Resources
——————————————————————————–
ora.DATADG1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.DATADG2.dg
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.DATADG3.dg
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.TEMPDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE lunar5
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
——————————————————————————–
Cluster Resources
——————————————————————————–
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.lunar5.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE lunar5
[root@lunar5 ~]#
至此老存储的ASM磁盘组已经在新的主机上可以识别了。

发表在 Installation and Deinstall, Linux, Oracle 11.1 & Oracle11.2, RAC | 标签为 11.2 RAC, 迁移asm, 迁移rac | 留下评论

2016年1月PSU列表

发表于 2016 年 2 月 19 日由 Lunar

从2016年1月的PSU开始，PSU的命名格式改为后缀带有PSU更新日期的格式，比以前的PSU后面带一个序列号，例如PSU5， PSU6这样的可读性要好很多。


PSU, Bundle Patches
*12.1.0.2 —- JAN2016*
*12.1.0.2 —- JAN2016*
Description	PSU	( Patch ID ) GI PSU	(Windows 32bit & 64bit) ( Patch ID ) Bundle Patch
Jan-16	21948354 (12.1.0.2.160119)	22191349 (12.1.0.2.160119)	22310559 (12.1.0.2.160119)
OCT2015	21359755 (12.1.0.2.5)	21523234 (12.1.0.2.5)	21821214 (12.1.0.2.10)
JUL2015	20831110 (12.1.0.2.4)	20996835 (12.1.0.2.4)	21126814 (12.1.0.2.7)
APR2015	20299023 (12.1.0.2.3)	20485724 (12.1.0.2.3)	20684004 (12.1.0.2.4)
JAN2015	19769480 (12.1.0.2.2)	19954978 (12.1.0.2.2)	19720843 (12.1.0.2.1)
OCT2014	19303936 (12.1.0.2.1)	19392646 (12.1.0.2.1)	N/A


PSU, Bundle Patches
12.1.0.1 —- JAN2016 ( 从*12.1.0.1开始，Oracle只提供PSU，不再提供SPU )*

Description	PSU	GI PSU	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)
Jan-16	21951844 (12.1.0.1.160119)	^j22191492 / ^k22191511(12.1.0.1.160119)	22494866 (12.1.0.2.160119)
OCT2015	21352619 (12.10.2.9)	^j21551666 / ^k21551685(12.1.0.1.9)	21744907 (12.1.0.1.21)
JUL2015	20831107 (12.1.0.1.8)	^j20996901 / ^k20996911(12.1.0.1.8)	21076681 (12.1.0.1.20)
APR2015	20299016 (12.1.0.1.7)	^j20485762 / ^k19971331(12.1.0.1.7)	20558101 (12.1.0.1.18)
JAN2015	19769486 (12.1.0.1.6)	^j19971324 / ^k19971331(12.1.0.1.6)	20160748 (12.1.0.1.16)
OCT2014	19121550 (12.1.0.1.5)	^j19392372 / ^k19392451(12.1.0.1.5)	19542943 (12.1.0.1.14)
JUL2014	18522516 (12.1.0.1.4)	^j18705901 / ^k18705972(12.1.0.1.4)	19062327 (12.1.0.1.11)
APR2014	18031528 (12.1.0.1.3)	^j18139660 / ^k18413105 (12.1.0.1.3)	18448604 (12.1.0.1.7)
JAN2014	17552800 (12.1.0.1.2)	17735306 (12.1.0.1.2)	17977915 (12.1.0.1.3)
OCT2013	17027533 (12.1.0.1.1)	17272829 (12.1.0.1.1)	17363796 (12.1.0.1.1)	17363795 (12.1.0.1.1)


PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.2.0.4 —- JAN2016*
*11.2.0.4 —- JAN2016*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	GI PSU	Bundle Patch (Windows 32bit & 64bit)
JAN2016	21948347 (11.2.0.4.160119)	21972320 (11.2.0.4.160119)	22191577 (11.2.0.4.160119)	22310544 (11.2.0.4.160119)
OCT2015	21352635 (11.2.0.4.8)	21352646	21523375 (11.2.0.4.8)	21821802 (11.2.0.4.20)
JUL2015	20760982 (11.2.0.4.7)	20803583	20996923 (11.2.0.4.7)	21469106 (11.2.0.4.18)
APR2015	20299013 (11.2.0.4.6)	20299015	20485808 (11.2.0.4.6)	20544696 (11.2.0.4.15)
JAN2015	19769489 (11.2.0.4.5)	19854503	19955028 (11.2.0.4.5)	20127071 (11.2.0.4.12)
OCT2014	19121551 (11.2.0.4.4)	19271443	19380115 (11.2.0.4.4)	19651773 (11.2.0.4.10)
JUL2014	18522509 (11.2.0.4.3)	18681862	18706472 (11.2.0.4.3)	18842982 (11.2.0.4.7)
APR2014	18031668 (11.2.0.4.2)	18139690	18139609 (11.2.0.4.2)	18296644 (11.2.0.4.4)
JAN2014	17478514 (11.2.0.4.1)	17551709	N/A	17987366 (11.2.0.4.1)



PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.2.0.3 — JUL2015*
*11.2.0.3 — JUL2015*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	GI PSU	Bundle Patch(Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^32bit)
^aJUL2015	20760997 (11.2.0.3.15)	20803576	20996944 (11.2.0.3.15)	21104036	21104035
APR2015	20299017 (11.2.0.3.14)	20299010	20485830 (11.2.0.3.14)	20420395	20420394
JAN2015	19769496 (11.2.0.3.13)	19854461	19971343 (11.2.0.3.13)	20233168	20233167
OCT2014	19121548 (11.2.0.3.12)	19271438	19440385 (11.2.0.3.12)	19618575	19618574
JUL2014	18522512 (11.2.0.3.11)	18681866	18706488 (11.2.0.3.11)	18940194	18940193
APR2014	18031683 (11.2.0.3.10)	18139695	18139678 (11.2.0.3.10)	18372244	18372243
JAN2014	17540582 (11.2.0.3.9)	17478415	17735354 (11.2.0.3.9)	18075406	17906981
OCT2013	16902043 (11.2.0.3.8)	17082364	17272731 (11.2.0.3.8)	17363850	17363844
JUL2013	16619892 (11.2.0.3.7)	16742095	16742216 (11.2.0.3.7)	16803775	16803774
APR2013	16056266 (11.2.0.3.6)	16294378	16083653 (11.2.0.3.6)	16345834	16345833
JAN2013	14727310 (11.2.0.3.5)	14841409	14727347 (11.2.0.3.5)	16042648	16042647
OCT2012	14275605 (11.2.0.3.4)	14390252	14275572 (11.2.0.3.4)	14613223	14613222
JUL2012	13923374 (11.2.0.3.3)	14038787	13919095 (11.2.0.3.3)	14223718	14223717
APR2012	13696216 (11.2.0.3.2)	13632717	13696251 (11.2.0.3.2)	13885389	13885388
JAN2012	13343438 (11.2.0.3.1)	13466801	13348650 (11.2.0.3.1)	13413168	13413167



PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.2.0.2 – OCT2013*
*11.2.0.2 – OCT2013*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	GI PSU	Bundle Patch(Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^32bit)
^aOCT2013	17082367 (11.2.0.2.12)	17082375	17272753 (11.2.0.2.12)	17363838	17363837
JUL2013	16619893 (11.2.0.2.11)	16742100	16742320 (11.2.0.2.11)	16345852	16345851
APR2013	16056267 (11.2.0.2.10)	16294412	16166868 (11.2.0.2.10)	16345846	16345845
JAN2013	14727315 (11.2.0.2.9)	14841437	14841385 (11.2.0.2.9)	16100399	16100398
OCT2012	14275621 (11.2.0.2.8)	14390377	14390437 (11.2.0.2.8)	14672268	14672267
JUL2012	13923804 (11.2.0.2.7)	14038791	14192201 (11.2.0.2.7)	14134043	14134042
APR2012	13696224 (11.2.0.2.6)	13632725	13696242 (11.2.0.2.6)	13697074	13697073
JAN2012	13343424 (11.2.0.2.5)	13343244	13653086 (11.2.0.2.5)	13413155	13413154
OCT2011	12827726 (11.2.0.2.4)	12828071	12827731 (11.2.0.2.4)	13038788	13038787
JUL2011	12419331 (11.2.0.2.3)	12419321	12419353 (11.2.0.2.3)	12714463	12714462
APR2011	11724916 (11.2.0.2.2)	11724984	12311357 (11.2.0.2.2)	11896292	11896290
JAN2011	10248523 (11.2.0.2.1)	N/A	N/A	10432053	10432052




PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.2.0.1 – JUL2011*
*11.2.0.1 – JUL2011*
Description	PSU	CPU	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)
^aJUL2011	12419378 (11.2.0.1.6)	12419278	12429529	12429528
APR2011	11724930 (11.2.0.1.5)	11724991	11731176	11883240
JAN2011	10248516 (11.2.0.1.4)	10249532	10432045	10432044
OCT2010	9952216 (11.2.0.1.3)	9952260	10100101	10100100
JUL2010	9654983 (11.2.0.1.2)	9655013	9736865	9736864
APR2010	9352237 (11.2.0.1.1)	9369797	N/A	N/A



PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.1.0.7 – JUL2015*
*11.1.0.7 – JUL2015*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)
bJUL2015	20761024 (11.1.0.7.24)	20803573	21104030	21104029
bAPR2015	20299012 (11.1.0.7.23)	20299020	20420391	20420390
bJAN2015	19769499 (11.1.0.7.22)	19854433	20126915	20126914
bOCT2014	19152553 (11.1.0.7.21)	19274522	19609034	19609032
bJUL2014	18522513 (11.1.0.7.20)	18681875	18944208	18944207
bAPR2014	18031726 (11.1.0.7.19)	18139703	18372258	18372257
bJAN2014	17465583 (11.1.0.7.18)	17551415	17906936	17906935
^bOCT2013	17082366 (11.1.0.7.17)	17082374	17363760	17363759
bJUL2013	16619896 (11.1.0.7.16)	16742110	16803788	16803787
^bAPR2013	16056268 (11.1.0.7.15)	16308394	16345862	16345861
^bJAN2013	14739378 (11.1.0.7.14)	14841452	15848067	15848066
^bOCT2012	14275623 (11.1.0.7.13)	14390384	14672313	14672312
JUL2012	13923474 (11.1.0.7.12)	14038803	14109868	14109867
APR2012	13621679 (11.1.0.7.11)	13632731	13715810	13715809
JAN2012	13343461 (11.1.0.7.10)	13343453	13460956	13460955
OCT2011	12827740 (11.1.0.7.9)	12828097	12914916	12914915
JUL2011	12419384 (11.1.0.7.8)	12419265	12695278	12695277
APR2011	11724936 (11.1.0.7.7)	11724999	11741170	11741169
JAN2011	10248531 (11.1.0.7.6)	10249534	10350788	10350787
OCT2010	9952228 (11.1.0.7.5)	9952269	9773825	9773817
JUL2010	9654987 (11.1.0.7.4)	9655014	9869912	9869911
APR2010	9352179 (11.1.0.7.3)	9369783	9392335	9392331
JAN2010	9209238 (11.1.0.7.2)	9114072	9166861	9166858
OCT2009	8833297 (11.1.0.7.1)	8836375	8928977	8928976
JUL2009	N/A	8534338	8553515	8553512
APR2009	N/A	8290478	8343070	8343061




PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*11.1.0.6 — JUL2009*
*11.1.0.6 — JUL2009*
Description	CPU	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)
^aJUL2009	8534378	8563155	8563154
APR2009	8290402	8333657	8333655
JAN2009	7592335	7631981	7631980
OCT2008	7375639	7378393	7378392
JUL2008	7150417	7210197	7210195
APR2008	6864063	6867180	6867178



PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches
*10.2.0.5 — JUL2013*
*10.2.0.5 — JUL2013*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	Bundle Patch(Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^Itanium)
^bJUL2015	20299014 (10.2.0.5.19)	20299021	20420387	20420386	N/A
^APR2015	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
^JAN2015	19769505 (10.2.0.5.18)	19854436	20126868	20126867	N/A
^OCT2014	19274523 (10.2.0.5.17)	19274521	19618565	19618563	N/A
^JUL2014	18522511 (10.2.0.5.16)	18681879	18940198	18940196	N/A
^APR2014	18031728 (10.2.0.5.15)	18139709	18372261	18372259	N/A
^JAN2014	17465584 (10.2.0.5.14)	17551414	17906974	17906972	N/A
^OCT2014	17082365 (10.2.0.5.13)	17082371	N/A	17363822	N/A

^abJUL2013	16619894 (10.2.0.5.12)	16742123	16803782	16803780	16803781
^bAPR2013	16056270 (10.2.0.5.11)	16270946	16345857	16345855	16345856
^bJAN2013	14727319 (10.2.0.5.10)	14841459	15848062	15848060	15848061
^bOCT2012	14275629 (10.2.0.5.9)	14390396	14553358	14553356	14553357
^bJUL2012	13923855 (10.2.0.5.8)	14038805	14134053	14134051	14134052
^bAPR2012	13632743 (10.2.0.5.7)	13632738	13654815	13654814	13870404
JAN2012	13343471 (10.2.0.5.6)	13343467	b13460968	b13460967	N/A
^bOCT2011	12827745 (10.2.0.5.5)	12828105	^c12914913	12914911	N/A
JUL2011	12419392 (10.2.0.5.4)	12419258	12429524	12429523	N/A
APR2011	11724962 (10.2.0.5.3)	11725006	12328269	12328268	N/A
JAN2011	10248542 (10.2.0.5.2)	10249537	10352673	10352672	N/A
OCT2010	9952230 (10.2.0.5.1)	9952270	10099855	10058290	N/A



PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches 2012年10月，CPU改名为SPU了，主要针对一些系统漏洞等安全问题出的季度补丁
*10.2.0.4 — JUL2013*
*10.2.0.4 — JUL2013*
Description	PSU	SPU(CPU)	Bundle Patch(Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch(Windows^Itanium)
^bgJUL2013	16619897 (10.2.0.4.17)	16742253	N/A	N/A	N/A
^bgAPR2013	16056269 (10.2.0.4.16)	16270931	N/A	N/A	N/A
^bgJAN2013	14736542 (10.2.0.4.15)	14841471	N/A	N/A	N/A
^bgOCT2012	14275630 (10.2.0.4.14)	14390410	N/A	N/A	N/A
^bgJUL2012	13923851 (10.2.0.4.13)	14038814	N/A	N/A	N/A
^abAPR2012	12879933 (10.2.0.4.12)	12879926	13928775	13928776	N/A
JAN2012	12879929 (10.2.0.4.11)	12879912	b13654060	N/A	N/A
^bOCT2011	12827778 (10.2.0.4.10)	12828112	12914908	12914910	12914909
JUL2011	12419397 (10.2.0.4.9)	12419249	12429519	12429521	12429520
APR2011	11724977 (10.2.0.4.8)	11725015	12328501	12328503	12328502
JAN2011	10248636 (10.2.0.4.7)	10249540	10349197	10349200	10349198
OCT2010	9952234 (10.2.0.4.6)	9952272	10084980	10084982	10084981
JUL2010	9654991 (10.2.0.4.5)	9655017	9777076	9777078	9777077
APR2010	9352164 (10.2.0.4.4)	9352191	9393548	9393550	9393549
JAN2010	9119284 (10.2.0.4.3)	9119226	9169457	9169460	9169458
OCT2009	8833280 (10.2.0.4.2)	8836308	8880857	8880861	8880858
JUL2009	8576156 (10.2.0.4.1)	8534387	8559466	8559467	8541782
APR2009	N/A	8290506	8307237	8307238	8333678
JAN2009	N/A	7592346	7584866	7584867	N/A
OCT2008	N/A	7375644	7386320	7386321	N/A
JUL2008	N/A	7150470	7218676	7218677	N/A




CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.2.0.3 —– JAN2009*
*10.2.0.3 —– JAN2009*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)
^aJAN2009	7592354	7631956	7631958	7631957
OCT2008	7369190	7353782	7353784	7353785
JUL2008	7150622	7252496	7252497	7252498
APR2008	6864068	6867054	6867055	6867056
JAN2008	6646853	6637237	6637238	6637239
OCT2007	6394981	6430171	6430173	6430174
JUL2007	6079591	6116131	6038242	6116139
APR2007	5901891	5948242	5916262	5948243
JAN2007	5881721	5846376	5846377	5846378



CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.2.0.2 —– JAN2009*
*10.2.0.2 —– JAN2009*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
ⁱJAN2009	7592355	N/A	N/A	N/A
^hOCT2008	7375660	N/A	N/A	N/A
^hJUL2008	7154083	N/A	N/A	N/A
^hAPR2008	6864071	N/A	N/A	N/A
^aJAN2008	6646850	N/A	N/A	N/A
^fOCT2007	6394997	6397028	6397030	6397029
JUL2007	6079588	6013105	6013121	6013118
APR2007	5901881	5912173	5912179	5912176
JAN2007	5689957	5716143	5699839	5699824
OCT2006	5490848	5502226	5500921	5500894
JUL2006	5225799	5251025	5251028	5251026
APR2006	5079037	5140461	5140567	5140508



CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.2.0.1 —–APR2007*
*10.2.0.1 —–APR2007*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^64bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
APR2007	5901880	N/A	N/A	N/A
JAN2007	5689937	5695784	5695786	5695785
OCT2006	5490846	5500927	5500954	5500951
JUL2006	5225798	5239698	5239701	5239699
APR2006	5049080	5059238	5059261	5059251
JAN2006	4751931	4751539	4770480	4751549



CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.1.0.5 —- JAN2012*
*10.1.0.5 —- JAN2012*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
JAN2012	13343482	13413002	13413003
OCT2011	12828135	12914905	12914906
JUL2011	12419228	12429517	12429518
APR2011	11725035	11731119	11731120
JAN2011	N/A	N/A	N/A
OCT2010	9952279	10089559	10089560
JUL2010	9655023	9683651	9683652
APR2010	9352208	9390288	9390289
JAN2010	9119261	9187104	9187105
OCT2009	8836540	8785211	8785212
JUL2009	8534394	8656224	8656226
APR2009	8290534	8300356	8300360
JAN2009	7592360	7486619	7586049
OCT2008	7375686	7367493	7367494
JUL2008	7154097	7047034	7047037
APR2008	6864078	6867107	6867108
JAN2008	6647005	6637274	6637275
OCT2007	6395024	6408393	6408394
JUL2007	6079585	6115804	6115818
APR2007	5901877	5907304	5907305
JAN2007	5689908	5716295	5634747
OCT2006	5490845	5500883	5500885
JUL2006	5225797	5251148	5251140
APR2006	5049074	5057606	5057609
JAN2006	4751932	4882231	4882236



CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.1.0.4 ——APR2007*
*10.1.0.4 ——APR2007*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
APR2007	5901876	5909871	5909879
JAN2007	5689894	5695771	5695772
OCT2006	5490844	5500878	5500880
JUL2006	5225796	5239736	5239737
APR2006	5049067	5059200	5059227
JAN2006	4751928	4751259	4745040
OCT2005	4567866	4579182	4579188
JUL2005	4392423	4440706	4404600
APR2005	4210374	4287619	4287611




CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.1.0.3 — JAN2007*
*10.1.0.3 — JAN2007*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
JAN2007	5923277	N/A	N/A
OCT2006	5566825	N/A	N/A
JUL2006	5435164	N/A	N/A
APR2006	5158022	N/A	N/A
JAN2006	4751926	4741077	4741084
OCT2005	4567863	4567518	4567523
JUL2005	4392409	4389012	4389014
APR2005	4193286	4269715	4158888
JAN2005	4003062	4074232	3990812



CPU, Bundle Patches
*10.1.0.2 —- APR2005*
*10.1.0.2 —- APR2005*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
APR2005	4193293	4181849	4213305
JUL2005	4400766	4388944	4388948
JAN2005	4003051	4104364	4083038



CPU, Bundle Patches
*9.2.0.8 — JUL2010*
*9.2.0.8 — JUL2010*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
JUL2010	9655027	9683644	9683645
APR2010	9352224	9390286	N/A
JAN2010	9119275	9187106	N/A
OCT2009	8836758	8785185	8785186
JUL2009	8534403	8427417	8427418
APR2009	8290549	8300340	8300346
JAN2009	7592365	7703210	7703212
OCT2008	7375695	7394394	7394402
JUL2008	7154111	7047026	7047029
APR2008	6864082	6867138	6867139
JAN2008	6646842	6637265	6637266
OCT2007	6395038	6417013	6417014
JUL2007	6079582	6130293	6130295
APR2007	5901875	5916268	5916275
JAN2007	N/A	N/A	N/A
OCT2006	5490859	5652380	5639519




CPU, Bundle Patches
*9.2.0.7 —- JUL2007*
*9.2.0.7 —- JUL2007*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
JUL2007	6079579	6146759	6146748
APR2007	5901872	5907274	5907275
JAN2007	5689875	5654905	5654909
OCT2006	5490841	5500873	5500874
JUL2006	5225794	5250980	5250981
APR2006	5049060	5064365	5064364
JAN2006	4751923	4751528	4741074
OCT2005	4567854	4579590	4579599
JUL2005	4547566	N/A	N/A


CPU, Bundle Patches
*9.2.0.6 – OCT2006*
*9.2.0.6 – OCT2006*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
OCT2006	5490840	5500865	5500871
JUL2006	5225793	5239794	5239793
APR2006	5049051	5059614	5059615
JAN2006	4751921	4751261	4751262
OCT2005	4567846	4579093	4579097
JUL2005	4392392	4445852	4401917
APR2005	4193295	4269928	4213298


CPU, Bundle Patches
*9.2.0.5 – OCT2006*
*9.2.0.5 – OCT2006*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
OCT2006	5689708	N/A	N/A
JUL2006	5435138	N/A	N/A
APR2006	5219762	N/A	N/A
OCT2005	4560421	N/A	N/A
JUL2005	4392256	4387563	4391819
APR2005	4193299	4195791	4214192
JAN2005	4003006	4104374	3990809



CPU, Bundle Patches
*9.2.0.4 – JAN2005*
*9.2.0.4 – JAN2005*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)	Bundle Patch (Windows^Itanium)
JAN2005	4002994	4104369	4083202




CPU, Bundle Patches
*8.1.7.4 – JAN2007*
*8.1.7.4 – JAN2007*
Description	CPU (Unix/Linux)	Bundle Patch (Windows^32bit)
JAN2007	5689799	5686514
OCT2006	5490835	5496067
JUL2006	5225788	5236412
APR2006	5045247	5057601
JAN2006	4751906	4751570
OCT2005	4560405	4554818
JUL2005	4392446	4437058
APR2005	4193312	4180163
JAN2005	4002909	3921893

PSU, Bundle Patches
12.1.0.2 —- JAN2016
12.1.0.2 —- JAN2016				Description	PSU	( Patch ID ) GI PSU	(Windows 32bit & 64bit) ( Patch ID ) Bundle Patch
Jan-16	21948354 (12.1.0.2.160119)	22191349 (12.1.0.2.160119)	22310559 (12.1.0.2.160119)
OCT2015	21359755 (12.1.0.2.5)	21523234 (12.1.0.2.5)	21821214 (12.1.0.2.10)
JUL2015	20831110 (12.1.0.2.4)	20996835 (12.1.0.2.4)	21126814 (12.1.0.2.7)
APR2015	20299023 (12.1.0.2.3)	20485724 (12.1.0.2.3)	20684004 (12.1.0.2.4)
JAN2015	19769480 (12.1.0.2.2)	19954978 (12.1.0.2.2)	19720843 (12.1.0.2.1)
OCT2014	19303936 (12.1.0.2.1)	19392646 (12.1.0.2.1)	N/A

发表在 Installation and Deinstall, SAP | 标签为 2016 PSU, 2016年1月份 PSU, PSU | 留下评论

单实例数据库转换为RAC数据库–使用rconfig转换

发表于 2016 年 1 月 28 日由 Lunar

测试目的：单实例数据库转换为RAC数据库
测试环境：Oracle 11.2.0.3
测试方法：使用rconfig的方式
.
$su – oracle
cp $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/rconfig/sampleXMLs/ConvertToRAC_AdminManaged.xml lunar.xml
转换过程超级简单，如果你观察操作过程的rconfig日志会发现，这个方法的本质是：
1，后台自动配置RAC的CRS配置信息（CRS的，spfile的，口令文件等等）
2，自动调用rman进行backup of copy类型的数据库备份和恢复
3，自动添加RAC中第二个节点的thread 2的redo logfile group
.
具体操作如下：

[oracle@rac1 test]$ rconfig lunar.xml
Converting Database "lunar" to Cluster Database. Target Oracle Home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1. Database Role: PRIMARY.
Setting Data Files and Control Files
Adding Database Instances
Adding Redo Logs
Enabling threads for all Database Instances
Setting TEMP tablespace
Adding UNDO tablespaces
Adding Trace files
Setting Fast Recovery Area
Updating Oratab
Creating Password file(s)
Configuring Listeners
Configuring related CRS resources
Starting Cluster Database
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<RConfig version="1.1" >
<ConvertToRAC>
    <Convert>
      <Response>
        <Result code="0" >
          Operation Succeeded
        </Result>
      </Response>
      <ReturnValue type="object">
<Oracle_Home>
         /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
       </Oracle_Home>
       <Database type="ADMIN_MANAGED"  >
         <InstanceList>
           <Instance SID="lunar1" Node="rac1"  >
           </Instance>
           <Instance SID="lunar2" Node="rac2"  >
           </Instance>
         </InstanceList>
       </Database>     </ReturnValue>
    </Convert>
  </ConvertToRAC></RConfig>
[oracle@rac1 test]$

执行期间可以观察日志，看看rconfig怎么完成转换的，我个人觉得这个很有意思。
日志位置：$ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/rconfig_时间戳。
.
检查转换后的CRS状态：

[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMDATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                                         
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                                         
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                                         
ora.LISTENER_DG.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                                         
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1                     Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       rac2                     Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac1                                         
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      rac2