Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-11-配置VNC和常见问题处理

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标题:Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-11-配置VNC和常见问题处理

作者:Lunar©版权所有[文章允许转载,但必须以链接方式注明源地址,否则追究法律责任.]

在Linux7上配置VNC和以往方法不同(也是由于Linux7上的服务管理方式的变化造成的)。
安装vnc的时候,需要配置yum源,我一般选择配置本地yum源,本地yum源有两种主要方式:
1,使用vbox的共享目录
2,使用虚拟出来的光驱
配制方法跟Linux7以前的版本(Linux6和Linux5)一样,这里不赘述。
.
查看本地yum源里面可以安装的vnc包:

[root@lunar1 yum.repos.d]# yum list|grep vnc
gtk-vnc2.x86_64                        0.5.2-7.el7                 @anaconda    
gvnc.x86_64                            0.5.2-7.el7                 @anaconda    
libvncserver.x86_64                    0.9.9-9.el7_0.1             @anaconda    
gtk-vnc2.i686                          0.5.2-7.el7                 OEL72_stage  
gvnc.i686                              0.5.2-7.el7                 OEL72_stage  
libvncserver.i686                      0.9.9-9.el7_0.1             OEL72_stage  
tigervnc.x86_64                        1.3.1-3.el7                 CentOS7_stage
tigervnc-icons.noarch                  1.3.1-3.el7                 CentOS7_stage
tigervnc-license.noarch                1.3.1-3.el7                 CentOS7_stage
tigervnc-server.x86_64                 1.3.1-3.el7                 CentOS7_stage
tigervnc-server-minimal.x86_64         1.3.1-3.el7                 CentOS7_stage
[root@lunar1 yum.repos.d]# 

我一般选择tigervnc。

[root@lunar1 yum.repos.d]# yum install tigervnc-server.x86_64
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 tigervnc-server.x86_64.0.1.3.1-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 tigervnc-server-minimal,它被软件包 tigervnc-server-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 tigervnc-server-minimal.x86_64.0.1.3.1-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 tigervnc-license,它被软件包 tigervnc-server-minimal-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 tigervnc-license.noarch.0.1.3.1-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 架构                                   版本                                        源                                             大小
================================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 tigervnc-server                                         x86_64                                 1.3.1-3.el7                                 CentOS7_stage                                 202 k
为依赖而安装:
 tigervnc-license                                        noarch                                 1.3.1-3.el7                                 CentOS7_stage                                  25 k
 tigervnc-server-minimal                                 x86_64                                 1.3.1-3.el7                                 CentOS7_stage                                 1.0 M

事务概要
================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+2 依赖软件包)

总下载量:1.2 M
安装大小:3.0 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                                                                                            7.9 MB/s | 1.2 MB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : tigervnc-license-1.3.1-3.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         1/3 
  正在安装    : tigervnc-server-minimal-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                  2/3 
  正在安装    : tigervnc-server-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                          3/3 
  验证中      : tigervnc-license-1.3.1-3.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         1/3 
  验证中      : tigervnc-server-minimal-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                  2/3 
  验证中      : tigervnc-server-1.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                          3/3 

已安装:
  tigervnc-server.x86_64 0:1.3.1-3.el7                                                                                                                                                          

作为依赖被安装:
  tigervnc-license.noarch 0:1.3.1-3.el7                                                       tigervnc-server-minimal.x86_64 0:1.3.1-3.el7                                                      

完毕!
[root@lunar1 yum.repos.d]# 

Linux7之前的系统,如果安装vnc一般都需要使用vncserver命令来设置口令,然后配置/etc/sysconfig/vncservers文件。
在Linux7中,仍然还存在这个文件,不过其内容只有一行:

[root@lunar1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/vncservers 
# THIS FILE HAS BEEN REPLACED BY /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
这里看到/etc/sysconfig/vncservers的内容实际上是告诉我们:vnc已经被换为systemd管理的服务了。
现在,我们来查看这个文件:
[root@lunar1 ~]# cat /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
# The vncserver service unit file
#
# Quick HowTo:
# 1. Copy this file to /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
# 2. Edit <USER> and vncserver parameters appropriately
#   ("runuser -l <USER> -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i -arg1 -arg2")
# 3. Run `systemctl daemon-reload`
# 4. Run `systemctl enable vncserver@:<display>.service`
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, you should
# limit connections to the local host and then tunnel from
# the machine you want to view VNC on (host A) to the machine
# whose VNC output you want to view (host B)
#
# [user@hostA ~]$ ssh -v -C -L 590N:localhost:590M hostB
#
# this will open a connection on port 590N of your hostA to hostB's port 590M
# (in fact, it ssh-connects to hostB and then connects to localhost (on hostB).
# See the ssh man page for details on port forwarding)
#
# You can then point a VNC client on hostA at vncdisplay N of localhost and with
# the help of ssh, you end up seeing what hostB makes available on port 590M
#
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
#
# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.


[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l <USER> -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home/<USER>/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@lunar1 ~]# 

请注意,上面文件中的重要提示,这段提示清晰的告诉我们该如何配置vnc:

# Quick HowTo:
# 1. Copy this file to /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
# 2. Edit <USER> and vncserver parameters appropriately
#   ("runuser -l <USER> -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i -arg1 -arg2")
# 3. Run `systemctl daemon-reload`
# 4. Run `systemctl enable vncserver@:<display>.service`

好吧,按照提示,我们首先配置root用户的vnc服务启动配置文件:

[root@lunar ~]# cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar ~]# ll /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1744 Oct  8 20:05 /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1744 May  7  2014 /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
[root@lunar ~]# 

然后,按照上面文件中(/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service)的配置方式
修改前:

[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l <USER> -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home/<USER>/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改后:

[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver :1"
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H:1.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

然后,重新加载systemd的配置:
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@lunar1 ~]#
然后,我们设置为自动启动:

[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service.
[root@lunar1 ~]# ll /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 44 1月  17 00:29 /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service -> /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# 

启动vnc服务:

[root@lunar ~]# systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar ~]# systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2015-10-08 20:39:00 CST; 5s ago
  Process: 21624 ExecStop=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 21634 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 21668 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
           ‣ 21668 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -desktop lunar:1 (root) -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024x768 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -fp catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpat...

Oct 08 20:39:00 lunar systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Oct 08 20:39:00 lunar systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar ~]# 

在Linux7中,VNC使用590x开始的端口号:
只配置IPv4的情况:

[root@lunar ~]# lsof -i:5901
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Xvnc    21668 root    7u  IPv4  91713      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
[root@lunar ~]# 
[root@lunar ~]# netstat -lnt | grep 590*
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5901            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
[root@lunar ~]# 
[root@lunar ~]# ss -lntp|grep 590
LISTEN     0      5                         *:5901                     *:*      users:(("Xvnc",21668,7))
[root@lunar ~]# 

配置了IPv4和IPv6的情况:

[root@lunar1 ~]# lsof -i:5901
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Xvnc    7224 root    8u  IPv4 157461      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc    7224 root    9u  IPv6 157462      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# lsof -i:5901
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Xvnc    7224 root    8u  IPv4 157461      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc    7224 root    9u  IPv6 157462      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
[root@lunar1 ~]# netstat -lnt | grep 590*
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5901            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::5901                 :::*                    LISTEN     
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# ss -lntp|grep 590
LISTEN     0      5            *:5901                     *:*                   users:(("Xvnc",pid=7224,fd=8))
LISTEN     0      5           :::5901                    :::*                   users:(("Xvnc",pid=7224,fd=9))
[root@lunar1 ~]# 
[root@lunar1 ~]# lsof -i:5901
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Xvnc    6232 root    8u  IPv4 154443      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc    6232 root    9u  IPv6 154444      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl stop vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# lsof -i:5901
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since 日 2016-01-17 00:49:12 CST; 25s ago
  Process: 7177 ExecStop=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 6232 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver :1 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 6197 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 6232 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

1月 17 00:47:54 lunar1 systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
1月 17 00:47:54 lunar1 systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
1月 17 00:49:12 lunar1 systemd[1]: Stopping Remote desktop service (VNC)...
1月 17 00:49:12 lunar1 systemd[1]: Stopped Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
[root@lunar1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 日 2016-01-17 00:49:43 CST; 1s ago
  Process: 7177 ExecStop=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 7190 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 7193 (runuser)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
           ‣ 7193 /usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver :1

1月 17 00:49:43 lunar1 systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
1月 17 00:49:43 lunar1 systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
[root@lunar1 ~]# lsof -i:5901
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Xvnc    7224 root    8u  IPv4 157461      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc    7224 root    9u  IPv6 157462      0t0  TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
[root@lunar1 ~]# 

设置vncserver的密码:vncpasswd root
最终root用户的vnc的配置文件:

[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
#Type=forking
Type=simple
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver :1"
#PIDFile=/home/root/.vnc/%H:1.pid
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H:1.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

然后使用同样的方法配置grid用户和oracle用户即可。
.
有时候vnc启动会报错,例如:

[root@lunar ~]# systemctl restart vncserver@:1.service
Job for vncserver@:1.service failed. See 'systemctl status vncserver@:1.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.
[root@lunar ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2015-10-08 20:18:22 CST; 17s ago
  Process: 19175 ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l <USER> -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 19171 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Oct 08 20:18:22 lunar systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Oct 08 20:18:22 lunar runuser[19175]: runuser: user <USER> does not exist
Oct 08 20:18:22 lunar systemd[1]: vncserver@:1.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Oct 08 20:18:22 lunar systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service (VNC).
Oct 08 20:18:22 lunar systemd[1]: Unit vncserver@:1.service entered failed state.
[root@lunar ~]# 

处理思路:
1,查看日志(/var/log/messages)或者使用Linux7中新引入的journalctl查看(参见前面的blog)
2,通常的问题有几类:
(1)配置文件有问题。
(2)/tmp/下的临时文件因为某种原因,系统没有自动清理
(3)ghome造成的一些问题,比如修改中文语言或者英文语言后,容易出现问题
.
解决的方法都很简单:
1,确保为正确配置
2,删除临时文件
3,根据配置文件的内容手工执行,并发现问题
其中第三个手工执行,我发现是杀手锏,几乎都可以解决。
如果上述都还是不行(目前为止,我还没遇到过),很简单,重装vnc,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
下面是手工处理的例子,手工处理的方法是参考配置文件内容,我这里是以oracle用户的配置文件为例:

[root@lunar2 ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service
# The vncserver service unit file
#
# Quick HowTo:
# 1. Copy this file to /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
# 2. Edit oracle and vncserver parameters appropriately
#   ("runuser -l oracle -c /usr/bin/vncserver :3 -arg1 -arg2")
# 3. Run `systemctl daemon-reload`
# 4. Run `systemctl enable vncserver@:<display>.service`
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, you should
# limit connections to the local host and then tunnel from
# the machine you want to view VNC on (host A) to the machine
# whose VNC output you want to view (host B)
#
# [user@hostA ~]$ ssh -v -C -L 590N:localhost:590M hostB
#
# this will open a connection on port 590N of your hostA to hostB's port 590M
# (in fact, it ssh-connects to hostB and then connects to localhost (on hostB).
# See the ssh man page for details on port forwarding)
#
# You can then point a VNC client on hostA at vncdisplay N of localhost and with
# the help of ssh, you end up seeing what hostB makes available on port 590M
#
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
#
# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.


[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l oracle -c "/usr/bin/vncserver :3"
PIDFile=/home/oracle/.vnc/%H:3.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@lunar2 ~]# 

按照上述手工kill:

[root@lunar2 ~]# /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :3'

Can't find file /root/.vnc/lunar2.oracle.com:3.pid
You'll have to kill the Xvnc process manually
[root@lunar2 ~]#

检查临时文件:

[root@lunar2 ~]# ll /tmp/.X11-unix 
/tmp/.X11-unix:
total 0
srwxrwxrwx 1 root   root     0 Jan 23 21:33 X1
srwxrwxrwx 1 grid   oinstall 0 Jan 23 21:33 X2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jan 23 21:33 X3
[root@lunar2 ~]#

其中X3就是oracle用户的临时文件,删除该临时文件:

[root@lunar2 ~]# rm -rf /tmp/.X11-unix/X3 
[root@lunar2 ~]#

重新启动试试看:

[root@lunar2 ~]# /usr/sbin/runuser -l oracle -c "/usr/bin/vncserver :3"

Warning: lunar2.oracle.com:3 is taken because of /tmp/.X3-lock
Remove this file if there is no X server lunar2.oracle.com:3
A VNC server is already running as :3
[root@lunar2 ~]# 

提示还有一个文件没有清理,继续手工删除:

[root@lunar2 ~]# rm -rf  /tmp/.X3-lock
[root@lunar2 ~]# 

再次手工启动:

[root@lunar2 ~]# /usr/sbin/runuser -l oracle -c "/usr/bin/vncserver :3"

New 'lunar2.oracle.com:3 (oracle)' desktop is lunar2.oracle.com:3

Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/lunar2.oracle.com:3.log

[root@lunar2 ~]# 

我们看到已经启动了,当然,这时候使用systemctl有时候可能发现还是Active: failed状态
但是不要紧,你使用vnc登录试试就知道了,我感觉这是bug,或者哪里没有将状态同步到systemctl中。
也或许是ghome本身容易有问题。
.
总结:Linux7 vnc常用管理命令

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
systemctl stop  vncserver@:1.service
systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
systemctl status vncserver@:1.service

设置vncserver的密码:

vncpasswd root
vncpasswd grid
vncpasswd oracle

Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列–1-简介
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-2-修改主机名和hostnamectl工具的使用
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列–3-systemd(d.bin和ohasd守护进程)
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列–4-target(图形界面和字符界面)
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列–5-防火墙
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列–6-开机自动启动或者禁用服务
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-7-网络管理之添加网
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-7-网络管理之修改IP地址
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-7-网络管理之修改网络接口名
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-8-在Linux7上安装11.2 RAC和12.1 RAC需要禁用哪些服务
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-9-Linux 7.2上的virbr0设备
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-10-ABRT-系统启动后自动检查和报告错误
Linux7(CentOS,RHEL,OEL)和Oracle RAC环境系列-11-配置VNC和常见问题处理

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