环境介绍：
1，VM1： OEL5.8+Oracle 11.2.0.3，考虑到笔记本的性能不行，因此最初考虑的是这个VM兼顾了Physical Primary 和Casecade Standby的重任。数据库是文件系统
2，VM2： OEL5.10+11.2.0.4，数据库是ASM的环境（Oracle Restart），作为Physical Standby。
考虑到版本兼容的问题，下一篇我讲切换他们的角色;
1，让VM2做为Cascade Standby的角色（因为不同版本，不能使用正常的open，只能open upgrade，因此，如果作为Physical Standby的话，不能放倒Open read only上）。
2，让VM1上的2个11.2.0.3的库分别作为Primary和Physical standby角色
创建standby controlfile和pfile：
07:37:17 SYS@lunar>alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/lunar.stb.ctl'; Database altered. Elapsed: 00:00:02.16 07:37:35 SYS@lunar> 07:45:46 SYS@lunar>create pfile='/tmp/lunarstb.pfile' from spfile; File created. Elapsed: 00:00:00.24 07:46:13 SYS@lunar>
创建需要的目录：
07:43:20 SYS@lunar>show parameter reco
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
db_recovery_file_dest string /stage/fast_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 1190198K
db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking boolean TRUE
recovery_parallelism integer 0
07:43:27 SYS@lunar>
07:44:34 SYS@lunar>show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/lunar/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string NONE
07:44:38 SYS@lunar>
使用备份进行恢复：
[oracle@lunar trace]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Aug 2 07:43:12 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: LUNAR (DBID=2464578389)
RMAN> list backup summary;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B F A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 NO TAG20140717T211558
2 B F A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211604
3 B F A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211604
4 B F A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211604
5 B A A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211649
6 B A A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211649
7 B A A DISK 17-JUL-14 1 1 YES TAG20140717T211649
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:04 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140717T211558
Piece Name: /stage/backup/PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp
Standby Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1178911 Ckp time: 17-JUL-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 54.05M DISK 00:00:32 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211604
Piece Name: /stage/backup/full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
2 Full 1178928 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1178928 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/undotbs01.dbf
5 Full 1178928 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/soe01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 58.25M DISK 00:00:33 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211604
Piece Name: /stage/backup/full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1178929 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/system01.dbf
4 Full 1178929 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/users01.dbf
6 Full 1178929 17-JUL-14 /stage/lunar/lunar01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Full 1.05M DISK 00:00:03 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211604
Piece Name: /stage/backup/full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1178948 Ckp time: 17-JUL-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 5.06M DISK 00:00:02 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211649
Piece Name: /stage/backup/arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman
List of Archived Logs in backup set 5
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 1 1069557 16-JUL-14 1080642 16-JUL-14
1 2 1080642 16-JUL-14 1080645 16-JUL-14
1 3 1080645 16-JUL-14 1080649 16-JUL-14
1 4 1080649 16-JUL-14 1080680 16-JUL-14
1 5 1080680 16-JUL-14 1080684 16-JUL-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 22.52M DISK 00:00:06 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211649
Piece Name: /stage/backup/arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman
List of Archived Logs in backup set 6
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 1080684 16-JUL-14 1113407 16-JUL-14
1 7 1113407 16-JUL-14 1145484 17-JUL-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7 10.74M DISK 00:00:03 17-JUL-14
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20140717T211649
Piece Name: /stage/backup/arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman
List of Archived Logs in backup set 7
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 8 1145484 17-JUL-14 1178967 17-JUL-14
1 9 1178967 17-JUL-14 1178977 17-JUL-14
RMAN>
使用screen在后台传输rman备份集：
[root@lunar ~]# screen -S lunar
[root@lunar ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@lunar ~]$ . lunar.env
[oracle@lunar ~]$ env|grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=lunar
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1
[oracle@lunar ~]$ cd /stage
[oracle@lunar stage]$ cd backup
[oracle@lunar backup]$ ls
arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman bk.sql full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman pfile_lunar.ora
arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman bk.log full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp
[oracle@lunar backup]$ ll
total 165412
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5302272 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 23611392 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11265024 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 5155 Jul 17 21:16 bk.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 405 Jul 17 21:15 bk.sql
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 56680448 Jul 17 21:16 full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 61087744 Jul 17 21:16 full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1114112 Jul 17 21:16 full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 624 Jul 17 21:32 pfile_lunar.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10092544 Jul 17 21:16 PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp
[oracle@lunar backup]$ scp * oracle@192.168.56.26:/stage/backup/
oracle@192.168.56.26's password:
[detached]
[root@lunar ~]# screen -ls
There is a screen on:
11012.lunar (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-root.
[root@lunar ~]# ps -ef|grep 11012
root 11012 1 0 08:10 ? 00:00:00 SCREEN -S lunar
root 11013 11012 0 08:10 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 11087 10627 0 08:14 pts/0 00:00:00 grep 11012
[root@lunar ~]# screen -r 11012
[oracle@lunar stage]$ cd backup
[oracle@lunar backup]$ ls
arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman bk.sql full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman pfile_lunar.ora
arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman bk.log full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp
[oracle@lunar backup]$ ll
total 165412
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5302272 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 23611392 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11265024 Jul 17 21:16 arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 5155 Jul 17 21:16 bk.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 405 Jul 17 21:15 bk.sql
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 56680448 Jul 17 21:16 full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 61087744 Jul 17 21:16 full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1114112 Jul 17 21:16 full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 624 Jul 17 21:32 pfile_lunar.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10092544 Jul 17 21:16 PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp
[oracle@lunar backup]$ scp * oracle@192.168.56.26:/stage/backup/
oracle@192.168.56.26's password:
arch_0hpdl9i1_1_1.rman 100% 5178KB 5.1MB/s 00:00
arch_0ipdl9i1_1_1.rman 100% 23MB 22.5MB/s 00:01
arch_0jpdl9i5_1_1.rman 100% 11MB 10.7MB/s 00:01
bk.log 100% 5155 5.0KB/s 00:00
bk.sql 100% 405 0.4KB/s 00:00
full_0epdl9gl_1_1.rman 100% 54MB 13.5MB/s 00:04
full_0fpdl9gl_1_1.rman 100% 58MB 4.2MB/s 00:14
full_0gpdl9ho_1_1.rman 100% 1088KB 1.1MB/s 00:00
pfile_lunar.ora 100% 624 0.6KB/s 00:00
PRIMA_CONTROL.bkp 100% 9856KB 4.8MB/s 00:02
[oracle@lunar backup]$ logout
[root@lunar ~]#
安装cascade的screen（这个步骤跟本次操作没有关系，不过是临时遇到了，顺手做了一下）：
[root@lunar ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d [root@lunar yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo --2014-08-02 16:36:47-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 198.172.88.104 Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|198.172.88.104|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 4550 (4.4K) 1 Saving to: `public-yum-el5.repo.2' 100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 4,550 --.-K/s in 0s 2014-08-02 16:36:51 (80.1 MB/s) - `public-yum-el5.repo.2' saved [4550/4550] [root@lunar yum.repos.d]# yum install screen* Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with ULN. You can use up2date --register to register. ULN support will be disabled. el5_latest | 1.4 kB 00:00 ol5_UEK_latest | 1.2 kB 00:00 Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package screen.x86_64 0:4.0.3-4.el5 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: screen x86_64 4.0.3-4.el5 el5_latest 571 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s) Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total download size: 571 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: screen-4.0.3-4.el5.x86_64.rpm | 571 kB 00:03 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : screen 1/1 Installed: screen.x86_64 0:4.0.3-4.el5 Complete! [root@lunar yum.repos.d]# scp oracle@192.168.56.66:/tmp/lunarstb.pfile . scp oracle@192.168.56.66:/tmp/lunar.stb.ctl .
配置主库的参数：
[oracle@lunar backup]$ cat lunarstb.pfile *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lunar/adump' *.audit_trail='none' *.compatible='11.2.0.3.0' *.control_files='/stage/lunar/control01.ctl','/stage/lunar/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='lunar' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/stage/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=1218762752 *.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.filesystemio_options='setall' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=153092096 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sec_return_server_release_banner=FALSE *.sga_target=629145600 *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.db_unique_name='lunarp' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(lunarp,lunars,lunarc)' *.fal_server='lunars' *.fal_client='lunarp' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunarp' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lunars LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunars' *.log_archive_dest_3='SERVICE=lunarc LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunarc' *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_3='ENABLE' *.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/lunars/onlinelog/','/stage/lunar/' *.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/lunars/datafile/','/stage/lunar/' *.standby_file_management=auto *.service_names='lunar'
Physical Standby的参数文件：
*.db_unique_name='lunars' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(lunarp,lunars,lunarc)' *.fal_server='lunarp' *.fal_client='lunars' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunars' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lunarp LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunarp' *.log_archive_dest_3='SERVICE=lunarc LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunarc' *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_3='ENABLE' *.log_file_name_convert='/stage/lunar/','+DATA' *.db_file_name_convert='/stage/lunar/','+DATA' *.standby_file_management=auto *.DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST='+DATA' *.DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_1='+DATA' *.control_files='+data/lunars/control01.ctl','+data/lunars/control02.ctl' *.service_names='lunar'
Cascade Standby的参数：
*.db_unique_name='lunarc' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(lunarp,lunars,lunarc)' *.fal_server='lunarp','lunars' *.fal_client='lunarc' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunarc' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lunars LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lunars' *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' *.log_file_name_convert='/stage/lunar/','/stage/lunar/' *.db_file_name_convert='/stage/lunar/','/stage/lunar/' *.standby_file_management=auto *.service_names='lunar'
其余的过程就简单了，跟普通的ADG没什么分别：
1，分别在physical standby和cascade standby上做恢复standby controlfile和restore database。
2，使用alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;应用日志了。
3，添加standby redo log：
alter database add standby logfile group 4(‘+DATA’) size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5(‘+DATA’) size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6(‘+DATA’) size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7(‘+DATA’) size 50M;
最终的同步信息：
配置完成后，主库信息：
18:30:03 SYS@lunarp>show parameter name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string +DATA/lunars/, /stage/lunar/ db_name string lunar db_unique_name string lunarp global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string lunarp lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string +DATA/lunars/, /stage/lunar/ processor_group_name string service_names string lunar 18:30:14 SYS@lunarp> 18:30:14 SYS@lunarp>SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY; PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 1 32 1 1071 ARCH CLOSING 1 29 1 476 ARCH CLOSING 1 8 69633 405 ARCH CLOSING 1 32 1 1071 LGWR WRITING 1 33 42656 1 Elapsed: 00:00:00.01 18:31:19 SYS@lunarp>archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 31 Next log sequence to archive 33 Current log sequence 33 18:32:34 SYS@lunarp>
Physical Standby的信息：
18:30:38 SYS@lunarc>show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string /stage/lunar/, /tempdisk/lunar
c/
db_name string lunar
db_unique_name string lunarc
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string lunarc
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string /stage/lunar/, /tempdisk/lunar
c/
processor_group_name string
service_names string lunar
18:30:41 SYS@lunarc>
18:31:47 SYS@lunarc>SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CLOSING 1 31 2048 646
ARCH CLOSING 1 32 1 1071
ARCH OPENING 1 10 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG 1 33 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
9 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
18:31:48 SYS@lunarc>
Cascade Standby的信息：
SQL> show parameter name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ cell_offloadgroup_name string db_file_name_convert string /stage/lunar/, +DATA/lunars/ db_name string lunar db_unique_name string lunars global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string lunars lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string /stage/lunar/, +DATA/lunars/ processor_group_name string service_names string lunar SQL> SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY; PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 1 31 1 2693 ARCH CLOSING 1 32 1 1071 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0 ARCH CLOSING 1 32 1 1071 RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0 RFS IDLE 1 33 42696 1 7 rows selected. SQL>
切换是很里灵活的，后续将任意切换
